辽宁3个水系北方须鳅个体繁殖力比较研究  

Comparison of Individual Fecundity of Loach Barbatula nuda among Three River Systems in Liaoning Province

作　　者：吴晨 骆小年 段友健 李姣 季辰跃 邢雨忻 陈隆 杨艳雨 WU Chen;LUO Xiaonian;DUAN Youjian;LI Jiao;JI Chenyue;XING Yuxin;CHEN Long;YANG Yanyu(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第2期215-224,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高等学校“揭榜挂帅”项目;辽宁省首批“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2021JH1/10400040);辽宁省“百千万人才工程”项目(793018201);大连市科技创新基金资助项目(2018J12SN068);大连海洋大学第二届“湛蓝学者工程”项目(2021)。

摘　　要：为探明辽宁地区北方须鳅个体繁殖力,于碧流河、鸭绿江和辽河采集性腺发育至Ⅳ期的雌鱼180尾,采用常规生物学方法比较分析北方须鳅个体繁殖力。试验结果显示,北方须鳅个体绝对繁殖力为(6999.33±315.19)粒,体长相对繁殖力为(85.06±2.98)粒/mm,体质量相对繁殖力为(1536.58±60.23)粒/g,碧流河万福段体长相对繁殖力和体质量相对繁殖力均显著高于其他2个水系(P<0.05),个体繁殖力与各生物学指标的最佳拟合方程大多为二次函数。3个水系北方须鳅绝对繁殖力和体长相对繁殖力均与体长、体质量、净体质量、性腺质量、性腺指数之间具有极显著相关性(P<0.01),体质量相对繁殖力仅在碧流河万福段和太子河汤河段与性腺指数之间具有极显著相关性(P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析表明,碧流河万福段和太子河汤河段个体繁殖力与性腺质量和性体指数密切相关,而在叆河大堡段受净体质量与肥满度的影响显著。卵径频率出现一个峰值,推测北方须鳅为一次性产卵鱼类。试验结果可丰富北方须鳅繁殖生物学资料,为其资源保护提供基础数据。In order to understand the individual fecundity of loach Barbatula nuda in Liaoning Province,the individual fecundity of loach was compared in 180 female loach with ovary at stageⅣcollected by traps with 0.5 cm mesh from Biliu River(E 122.51°,N 39.78°),Yalu River(E 123.72°,N 40.71°)and Liao River(E 123.34°,N 41.09°)by conventional biological method.The results showed that the loach had absolute fecundity of(6999.33±315.19)eggs,relative body length fecundity of of(85.06±2.98)eggs/mm and relative body weight fecundity of(1536.58±60.23)eggs/g.There were significantly higher relative fecundity of body length and body weight in Wanfu section of Biliu River than those in the other two river system(P<0.05).Most of the best fitting equations between individual fecundity and biological indices were found to be quadratic functions.The absolute fecundity and the relative fecundity in body length in the three river systems were significantly correlated with body length,body weight,net body weight,gonad weight and gonado-somatic index(P<0.01),and the relative fecundity of body weight was only significantly correlated with gonado-somatic index in Wanfu section of Biliu River and Tanghe section of Taizi River(P<0.01).A multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the individual fecundity in Wanfu section of Biliu River and Tanghe section of Taizi River was closely related to gonad weight and gonado-somatic index,and significantly affected by net body weight and relative condition factor in Dapu section of Aihe River.The distribution of egg diameter showed that loach was a once spawning species a year.The finding further enriched the biological research data of B.nuda and provided basic data for its resource protection and sustainable utilization.

关 键 词：北方须鳅 个体繁殖力 碧流河 鸭绿江 辽河 卵径 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]