分块式空间望远镜技术研究现状及其发展趋势  

Research Status and Development Trend of Segmented Space Telescope Technology

作　　者：赵凯伦 孙德伟[1] 黄巧林[1] 田国梁 贺金平[1] ZHAO Kailun;SUN Dewei;HUANG Qiaolin;TIAN Guoliang;HE Jinping(Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2024年第1期78-89,共12页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：民用航天重点项目(D040101)。

摘　　要：大口径空间光学望远镜是实现高分辨率遥感与高灵敏度探测的重要科学仪器。传统的整体式望远镜口径超过4 m将难以突破现有运载器整流罩有效包络的限制,采用分块式的技术手段可以在满足运载能力的前提下实现口径最大化,是解决当前望远镜高分辨率与高信息收集能力的最优选择。文章先从部署形式上对分块式空间望远镜的国内外研究现状进行了梳理,归纳出分块望远镜在技术实现路线上的技术类型和特点,分别对高精度机构展开技术、机器人智能装配技术、波前检测与调控技术以及超轻可调分块镜技术进行了技术内涵及实现技术途径分析,最后面向未来远景目标,对分块式空间望远镜的技术发展作了展望。Large aperture space optical telescope is a significant scientific instrument to achieve high resolution remote sensing and high sensitivity detection.The traditional monolithic space telescope with an aperture of more than four meters will be difficult to break through the limitation of the effective envelope of the fairing of the existing launch vehicle.The segmentation technology can maximize the aperture under the premise of satisfying the carrying capacity,which is the best choice to solve the high resolution and high information collection ability of the current telescope.The research status of the segmented space telescope technology is reviewed from the deployment form,the types and characteristics of the segmented space telescope in the technical realization route are summarized,and technical connotation and realization methods are analyzed for the high-precision mechanism development technology,robot intelligent assembly technology,wavefront detection and control technology and ultra-light segmented mirror technology,respectively.Finally,facing the future vision goal,the technical development of the segmented space telescope is prospected.

关 键 词：分块镜 可展开机构 在轨组装 高分辨率 空间望远镜 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TH751[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]