耐寒、抗旱、优质中晚熟甘蓝品种筛选试验  

Screening Test of Middle and Late Maturing Cabbage Varieties with Cold and Drought Resistances and High-Quality

作　　者：马玲[1] 李建设[1] 高艳明[1] 丁文忻 张丽娟 MA Ling;LI Jianshe;GAO Yanming;DING Wenxin;ZHANG Lijuan(Academy of Wine and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《蔬菜》2024年第3期64-70,共7页Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD160030)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜在六盘山区种植的耐寒、抗旱的优质甘蓝品种,对13个甘蓝品种开展了比较试验,结果表明:所有参试品种均未发生抽薹开花和茎秆升高现象,圆球型甘蓝品种京甘103在品质方面除硝酸盐含量较高外,其他品质表现优异,可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、净菜率分别达9.17%、5.92%、65.07%,均显著高于其他圆球型甘蓝品种,MDA(丙二醛)含量较低,为0.43μmol/g,虽然产量低,但品质较优、口感脆嫩、外形美观,深受消费者喜欢;平头型甘蓝品种中甘107生长势强,不易裂球,可溶性糖含量、维生素C含量高,分别达5.32%、9.68 mg/kg,显著高于其他平头型甘蓝品种,且MDA和POD(过氧化物酶)含量较低,SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)和CAT(过氧化氢酶)的活性较高,整体抗逆性优于其他品种;平头型甘蓝品种晚丰光合能力较强,SPAD值最高为60.18,显著高于其他圆球型甘蓝品种,抗病性强,可溶性固形物、净菜率、脯氨酸含量高,分别为9.2%、61.14%、0.123%,667 m^(2)产量最高,为3518.43 kg。综上所述,京甘103、中甘107和晚丰适宜在六盘山区大面积示范推广种植。虽然紫甘蓝欧梅罗和普来米罗的长势较其他品种差,但是品质优异,营养价值高,可作为鲜食品种进行推广种植。In order to screen out high-quality cabbage varieties with cold and drought resistances suitable for planting in Liupan mountain area,a comparative experiment was conducted on 13 cabbage varieties.The results showed that all tested varieties did not exhibit any phenomenon of bolting and flowering,or stem elevation.The spherical cabbage variety'Jinggan 103'exhibited excellent quality except for its high nitrate content,with soluble solid content,soluble sugar content and net vegetable rate of 9.17%,5.92%,and 65.07%,respectively,which were all significantly higher than those of other spherical cabbage varieties.With a lower MDA content of 0.43μmol/g,although low in yield,'Jinggan 103'had superior quality,crispy and tender taste,and beautiful appearance,which was highly favored by consumers.The flat headed cabbage variety'Zhonggan 107'had strong growth vigor,not easy to crack,and had high soluble sugar and vitamin C contents of 5.32%and 9.68 mg/kg,respectively,which were significantly higher than other flat headed cabbage varieties.In addition,the MDA and POD contents of'Zhonggan 107'were lower,its activities of SOD and CAT were higher,and its overall stress resistance was better than other varieties.The flat headed cabbage variety'Wanfeng'had a strong photosynthetic capacity,with the highest SPAD value of 60.18,significantly higher than other spherical headed cabbage varieties.It had strong disease resistance,high soluble solids,high net vegetable rate and high CAT contents of 9.2%,61.14%and 0.123%,respectively,whose yield was highest,reaching 3518.43 kg per 667 m^(2).In summary,'Jinggan 103''Zhonggan 107'and'Wanfeng'were suitable for large-scale demonstration and promotion of planting in Liupan mountain area.Although the growths of purple cabbage'Oumeiluo'and'Pulaimiluo'were worse than other varieties,they had excellent quality and high nutritional value,and could be promoted and planted as fresh-eating varieties.

关 键 词：甘蓝 品种 筛选 耐寒 抗旱 

分 类 号：S635[农业科学—蔬菜学]