大兴区杨柳飞絮调查及防治研究与评价  

Investigation and Control Research and Evaluation of Willow Catkinsin Daxing District

作　　者：贾建学 Jia Jianxue(Daxing District Forestry Workstation,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区林业工作站,北京102600

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第3期148-152,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：为获得大兴区杨柳飞絮的基础数据,为飞絮治理提供数据支撑,提出多种防治措施联合开展防治并实践验证,评价防治效果,同时分析了注药打孔抑制花絮的孔间距对抑制效果的影响。对大兴区杨柳树的分布、杨柳花絮的时间及分布位置展开调查统计;采用试验验证的方法,设置不同注药打孔间距值的样本,对新生和老生柳条的花絮数量和质量展开统计并对比,以判定抑制效果;采用走访调查、电话随访、社区微信群等多种调查方式进行直观评价花絮的防治效果。结果表明:大兴区20~40 cm雌株杨树占雌株杨树存量高达79.8%,为花絮产生的主要源头;4月上旬至中旬为毛白杨、小叶杨飞絮花絮高峰;4月下旬至5月上旬为柳絮高峰;5月中下旬为107杨、108杨、中林-46杨等速生杨飞絮的高峰。抑花一号对花絮抑制效果显著,新生花絮枝条未见有花絮;老生花絮数量和质量下降,A组和B组数量分别下降了91.67%、90%,花絮质量降低了44.78%、43.3%。对比20 cm孔间距和40 cm孔间距对花絮抑制效果影响,两者影响较小,花絮质量影响仅为3.05%。走访调查存在约55%的人群对花絮控制效果仅为比较满意。指出了在不影响杨柳生长恢复的情况下可适当缩短孔距,大兴区杨柳花絮控制仍需进一步探索,在统计数据的基础上采用科学的抑制方式同时需加强宣传引导。In order to obtain basic data on willow catkins in Daxing District and provide data support for catkin management,multiple prevention and control measures are proposed to jointly carry out prevention and practical verification,and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control;the effect of pore spacing on the inhibition effect of drug injection drilling to suppress catkins is analyzed.A survey and statistics on the distribution of willow trees in Daxing District,as well as the time and location of willow catkins is conducted;Using experimental verification methods,samples with different injection hole spacing values were set up to statistically analyze and compare the quantity and quality of catkins in new and old willow branches,in order to determine the inhibitory effect;various survey methods are used such as visits,telephone follow-up,and community WeChat groups to visually evaluate the prevention and treatment effects of gossip.The results show that female poplar trees with a length of 20~40 cm in Daxing District account for as much as 79.8%of the stock of female poplar trees,which is the main source of catkins;From early to mid-April,it is the peak period for the flying catkins of Populus tomentosa and Populus davidiana;The peak of willow catkins is from late April to early May;In mid to late May,there is a peak of fast-growing poplar catkins such as 107 poplar,108 poplar,and Zhonglin-46 poplar.Yihua No.1 has a significant inhibitory effect on flower catkins,and no new flower catkins were found in the branches;The quantity and quality of the elderly's catkins decreased,with a decrease of 91.67%and 90%in Group A and Group B,respectively,and a decrease of 44.78%and 43.3%in catkins quality.Comparing the effects of 20cm hole spacing and 40cm hole spacing on the suppression of catkins,the two have a relatively small impact,with only 3.05%impact on the quality of catkins.About 55%of the population surveyed were only relatively satisfied with the effectiveness of controlling behind the scenes.Shortening the

关 键 词：大兴区 杨柳飞絮调查 飞絮防治 效果评价 

分 类 号：S792.12[农业科学—林木遗传育种]