不同植物空间类型康养步道五感体验因子质量综合研究  

Comprehensive Study of Quality of Five Senses Experience Factors to Recreational Trails with Different Types of Plant Space

作　　者：孙芸浩 聂庆娟[2] 艾洪彦 孙玉竹 王茜 段文军 Sun Yunhao;Nie Qingjuan;Ai Hongyan;Sun Yuzhu;Wang Qian;Duan Wenjun(Beijing Academy of Landscape and Landscaping,Beijing 100102,China;Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;Beijing Jinglin Yicheng Landscape Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 250000,China;Park Management Center,Xicheng District,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Ancient Garden Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市园林绿化科学研究院,北京100102 [2]河北农业大学,河北保定071000 [3]北京京林一诚园林景观工程有限公司,北京250000 [4]北京市西城区公园管理中心,北京100044 [5]北京市园林古建设计研究院有限公司,北京100000

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2024年第1期94-102,共9页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“森林康养植物群落BVOCs释放规律及保健机理研究”(32201621)。

摘　　要：随着我国经济社会的快速发展,身体亚健康、人口老龄化等问题日益严重,人们崇尚绿色、向往自然,追求健康的愿望日益迫切。文章通过对比分析北京西山国家森林公园春秋两季4种植物空间类型下康养步道内五感体验因子质量优劣,探究其对人体健康的有效性,得出最适于康养的植物空间类型,以提高植物空间的设计质量和使用效果,促进森林康养高质量发展。结果表明:在触觉因子方面,受温湿度影响,两季舒适度日变化趋势存在差异,而植物空间类型上均为垂直空间最好,开敞空间最差。在嗅觉因子方面,两季空气负离子浓度日变化均为先降后升的趋势,而在两季各植物空间类型五感体验优劣排序中,嗅觉和视觉因子均为覆盖空间>半开敞空间>垂直空间>开敞空间。在听觉因子方面,两季声环境适宜性均为覆盖空间最好,开敞空间最差。在味觉因子方面,植物群落结构丰富且联觉感知最好的覆盖空间最优。综上,在森林康养步道中,五感体验最舒适的空间类型是覆盖空间,其次为半开敞空间,第三是垂直空间,最后为开敞空间。With the rapid socioeconomic development in China,the issues such as sub-health and aging population have been more and more serious.People yearn for green nature,and have strong desires to keep healthy.The paper compares and analyzes the quality differences of five sense experience factors to recreational trails with 4 types of plant space in spring and autumn in Beijing Xishan National Forest Park,discusses their effectiveness in improving human health,and identify the type of plant space suitable for health and wellness the best,with the aims to improve the design quality and use effects of plant spaces and promote the high-quality development of forest based health and wellness.understand how different plant Spaces affect people's mental and physical health and explore their effectiveness on human health.The results show that in terms of tactile factors,the diurnal variation trend of comfort degree in the two seasons is different due to the influence of temperature and humidity,and the vertical space is the best,while the open space is the worst.In terms of olfactory factors,the diurnal variation of air negative ion concentration in the two seasons presents a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.If ranking the five sense experience of each type of plant space in the two seasons,the olfactory and visual factors are ranked as covered space>semi-open space>vertical space>open space.In terms of auditory factors,covered space has the best acoustic environment suitability in the two seasons,while open space is the worst.In terms of taste factors,the covered space outperforms other spaces with complex plant community structure and the best synesthetic perception.To sum up,of the recreational trails,the most comfortable type of space for the five sense experience is covered space,followed by semi-open space,vertical space and open space.

关 键 词：西山国家森林公园 植物空间类型 康养步道 五感体验 

分 类 号：TU984.18[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]