烟草基因组辅助育种研究进展  

Research Progress on Tobacco Genomic Assisted Breeding

作　　者：蒋家乐 余文 程崖芝 巫升鑫 石好琪 李彩月 丁安明[1] 王卫锋[1] JIANG Jiale;YU Wen;CHENG Yazhi;WU Shengxin;SHI Haoqi;LI Caiyue;DING Anming;WANG Weifeng(Institute of Tobacco Research of CAAS,Qingdao 266101,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Tobacco Agricultural Science Research Institute,Fujian Tobacco Monopoly Administration,Fuzhou 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛266101 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]福建省烟草专卖局烟草农业科学研究所,福州350003

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2024年第1期112-120,共9页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC02);中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202201011(JY-11)]。

摘　　要：优质的烟草品种是促进烟草经济发展的基础。2010年以来,烟草基因组学迅速发展,推动了烟草遗传进化、功能遗传学等多个研究领域的进步,为烟草育种提供了新的工具和途径。本文总结了烟草基因组测序组装和功能研究的最新成果,从烟草遗传连锁图谱构建、数量性状基因座(QTL)定位、全基因组关联分析(GWAS)以及QTL定位和GWAS联合分析4个方面阐述了烟草分子标记辅助选择育种(MAS)的发展现状,并综述了全基因组选择(GS)和基因编辑(GE)的技术理论以及它们在烟草育种中的应用进展。针对目前烟草基因组辅助育种(GAB)存在的问题和不足,指出要充分利用烟草基因组信息,加快分子标记的开发,推进基因芯片的应用和加强高通量表型监测平台的建设,进而推进GAB在烟草育种上的应用。Superior variety is basic for tobacco economic promotion.Since 2010,the rapid development of tobacco genomics led to the progress of tobacco genetic evolution,functional genetics,and provided new tools and approaches for tobacco breeding.We summarized the latest achievements in tobacco genome assembly and functional gene,described the current development of tobacco molecular marker-assisted selective breeding(MAS)involving construction of tobacco genetic linkage map,quantitative trait locus(QTL)localization,genome-wide association analysis(GWAS),and the joint analysis of QTL localization and GWAS.We also reviewed the technical theories of genome-wide selection(GS)and gene editing(GE)and their application progress in tobacco breeding.To improve the tobacco genome-assisted breeding(GAB),it is necessary to make full use of the information of tobacco genome,accelerate the development of molecular markers,promote the application of gene chips,and strengthen the construction of high-throughput phenotype monitoring platforms,so as to promote the application of GAB in tobacco breeding.

关 键 词：烟草 基因组辅助育种 分子标记辅助选择 全基因组选择 基因编辑 

分 类 号：S572.03[农业科学—烟草工业]