NK细胞生物特性及抗肿瘤治疗研究进展  

Research Progresses in Biological Characteristics of NK Cells and Anti-Tumor Therapy

作　　者：陈莎莎 权雨荷 董忠军 CHEN Shasha;QUAN Yuhe;DONG Zhongjun(the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Institute of Clinical Immunology,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;School of Medicine,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute for Immunology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一附属医院,合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学临床免疫学研究所,合肥230032 [3]清华大学医学院,北京100084 [4]清华大学免疫学研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2023年第12期1757-1775,共19页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:32330034、82371734);科技部重大研发计划(批准号:2022YFF0710600);安徽高校自然科学研究项目(批准号:2023AH010085、2022AH030114)资助的课题。

摘　　要：自然杀伤(natural killer,NK)细胞是体内的关键先天淋巴细胞,具有抗肿瘤和抗感染等功能。与适应性免疫细胞不同,NK细胞缺乏特异性抗原受体,在发育、分化和激活方面具有明显的生物学特性。NK细胞与多种疾病(包括癌症和感染性疾病)的发生和发展相关。目前,主动修复肿瘤患者NK细胞功能缺陷或被动输入高活性NK细胞已成为基于NK细胞的治疗的两种主要策略。前者包括NK细胞免疫检查点抑制剂、细胞因子激活剂和特异性NK细胞活化性受体衔接器等方法;后者则包括同种异体NK细胞和嵌合抗原受体修饰的NK(chimeric antigen receptor engineered NK,CARNK)细胞治疗等。该文将介绍NK细胞的生物学特性以及近期在基于NK细胞的生物治疗方面的一些新进展。NK(natural killer)cells are key innate lymphocytes in the body that perform functions such as anti-tumor and anti-infection.NK cells,unlike adaptive immune cells,lack antigen-specific receptors,giving them distinct biological properties in terms of development,differentiation,and activation.NK cells are linked to a variety of disorders,including cancer and infection diseases.Active restoration of NK cell function in tumor patients or passive transfer of highly active NK cells have emerged as two major approaches in NK cell-based therapies.The former includes NK cell immune checkpoint inhibitors,cytokine activators,and NK cell engager specific for activating receptors.The latter includes allogeneic NK cell therapy and CAR-NK(chimeric antigen receptor engineered NK)cell therapy.This article will go over the biology of NK cells as well as some recent breakthroughs in NK cell-based biologic therapeutics.

关 键 词：自然杀伤细胞 肿瘤 免疫治疗 

分 类 号：R730.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]