蝎子中小分子化学成分及其药理活性研究进展  

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of small molecule compounds in scorpions

作　　者：宋颜君 邹郝琛 翁翔 鞠建华 SONG Yan-jun;ZOU Hao-chen;WENG Xiang;JU Jian-hua(Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education),Shandong Basic Science Research Center(Pharmacy),Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology(Shandong),School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Shandong University,Ji′nan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学药学院天然产物化学生物学教育部重点实验室山东省基础科学研究中心(药学)山东省高等学校药物化学生物学重点实验室,山东济南250012

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第3期661-670,共10页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：山东省实验室项目(SYS202205);山东省自然科学基金青年基金项目(ZR2023QH540)。

摘　　要：蝎子作为世界上广泛分布的最古老的动物之一,有着悠久的药用历史。在我国,中药全蝎即为东亚钳蝎Buthus martensii的干燥体,是传统名贵药材,主要用于治疗肝风内动、痉挛抽搐、小儿惊风等。一直以来,蝎毒被认为是蝎子的活性物质,对小分子物质的研究相对匮乏。通过查阅近年来国内外的相关文献,发现蝎子中含有氨基酸类、脂肪酸类、甾类、生物碱类等化学成分,并显示抗菌、抗凝血、代谢调节、抗肿瘤等多种活性。该文对蝎子中小分子化学成分和药理活性等方面进行综述,以期为蝎子中的新颖活性分子的发现以及临床应用提供参考依据。Scorpions,a group of oldest animals with wide distribution in the world,have a long history of medicinal use.Scorpio,the dried body of Buthus martensii,is a rare animal medicine mainly used for the treatment of liver diseases,spasm,and convulsions in children in China.The venom has been considered as the active substance of scorpions.However,little is known about the small molecules in the venom of scorpions.According to the articles published in recent years,scorpions contain amino acids,fatty acids,steroids,and alkaloids,which endow scorpions with antimicrobial,anticoagulant,metabolism-regulating,and antitumor activities.This paper summarizes the small molecule chemical components and pharmacological activities of scorpions,with a view to providing valuable information for the discovery of new active molecules and the clinical use of scorpions.

关 键 词：蝎子 东亚钳蝎 小分子 化学成分 药理活性 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学]