儿童呼吸系统鼻病毒感染流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of respiratory rhinovirus infection in children

作　　者：常颖 黄光举[1] 张慧玉[1] 李娟[1] 徐静 CHANG Ying;HUANG Guangju;ZHANG Huiyu;LI Juan;XU Jing(Pediatric Respiratory Department,Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Tangshan 063000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]唐山市妇幼保健院小儿呼吸科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2024年第3期312-315,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：河北省2023年度医学科学研究课题计划(No.20231768)。

摘　　要：目的分析唐山市儿童感染鼻病毒的流行特点。方法收集2021年11月到2022年7月本院1500例就诊儿童资料,收集患儿痰液标本、咽拭子标本、肺泡灌洗液标本,并采用肺炎多重检验试剂盒进行病原鉴定,采用SPSS软件比较不同年龄和型别患儿鼻病毒阳性率差异。选取30份鼻病毒阳性标本,并进行VP4/VP2区扩增和测序。结果共计检出309例(309/1500,20.60%)患儿携带鼻病毒,其中男186例(186/826,22.52%),女123例(123/674,18.25%),两组患儿鼻病毒阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.1352,P<0.05)。<1岁组、1~岁组、3~岁组和≥6岁组,各组患儿鼻病毒阳性率分别为:23.39%(102/436)、21.85%(137/627)、19.56%(23/271)和10.24%(17/166),≥6组患儿与其他组患儿鼻病毒阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.1154、11.3038和6.6416,均P<0.05)。共有142例(142/309,45.95%)患儿为混合感染,其中双重感染120例,三重感染22例。双重感染中RV+RSV A型检出最多,其次是RV+ADV型。三重感染中RV+RSV A+ADV型、RV+ADV+EV型和RV+PIV3+MP型检出较多。30株鼻病毒经分子分型鉴定结果显示21株RV A型,3株RV B型和6株RV C型。A型共检出9个基因型,B型共检出1个基因型,C型共检出2个基因型。结论本次研究中<1岁组RV阳性率最高,随着年龄增长,RV检出率下降。鼻病毒与呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒和副流感病毒合并感染病例较多。鼻病毒A型是本次研究中优势株。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of children infected with rhinovirus in Tangshan city.Methods The data were collected on 1500 children who visited our hospital from November 2021 to July 2022.The sputum samples,pharyngeal swab samples,and alveolar lavage fluid samples were collected from children,and a pneumonia multiple test kit was used for pathogen identification.The differences in the positive rate of rhinovirus among children of different ages and types were compared by SPSS software.30 positive specimens of rhinovirus were selected and VP4/VP2 region amplification and sequencing was performed.Results A total of 309 cases(309/1500,20.60%)of children with rhinovirus were detected,including 186 males(186/826,22.52%)and 123 females(123/674,18.25%).The difference in rhinovirus positive detection data between the two groups of children was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.1352,P<0.05).The rhinovirus positive rates in the<1 year old group,1-year old group,3-year old group,and≥6 year old group were 23.39%(102/436),21.85%(137/627),19.56%(23/271),and 10.24%(17/166),respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in the positive detection of rhinovirus between the 6-year old group and other groups of children(χ^(2)=13.1154,11.3038,6.6416,all P<0.05).A total of 142 children(142/309,45.95%)were diagnosed with mixed infections,including 120 cases of double infection and 22 cases of triple infection.RV+RSV type A was the most commonly detected in double infections,followed by RV+ADV type.Among the triple infections,RV+RSV A+ADV type,RV+ADV+EV type,and RV+PIV3+MP type were more detected.The molecular typing identification of 30 strains of rhinoviruses showed 21 strains of RV A type,3 strains of RV B type,and 6 strains of RV C type.A total of 9 genotypes were detected for type A,1 genotype for type B,and 2 genotypes for type C.Conclusion In this study,the RV positive rate was the highest in the group aged<1 year,and as age increased,the RV detection rate decreased.There were many

关 键 词：儿童 鼻病毒 流行特征 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]