引入空间修正入河系数的改进输出系数模型研究——以长江流域为例  

An Improved Export Coefficient Model with a Spatially Modified River Load Ratio——A Case Study of the Yangtze River Basin

作　　者：张景琳 张艳军[1] 王素描 乔飞[2] 罗兰[1] ZHANG Jing-in;ZHANG Yan-jun;WANG Su-miao;QIAO Fei;LUO Lan(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第3期78-85,95,共9页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：2022年度水利部重大科技项目“水利卫星星座运控与应用关键技术”(SKS-2022164)。

摘　　要：针对长江流域开展面源污染负荷研究具有重要实践意义。传统输出系数模型为集总式模型,无法体现污染物的空间差异性,且未考虑污染源和受纳水体之间的污染物迁移损失,计算结果常为产污量而非入河量。为了降低区域自然地理条件差异造成的模拟结果的误差,综合考虑污染物在输移过程中受降雨、地形、植被和距离等因子的影响,对传统的Johnes输出系数模型引入空间修正的入河系数,构建具有空间分布性的改进输出系数模型。将改进后的输出系数模型应用于长江流域,对长江流域干流自上至下9个监测断面的总磷、化学需氧量进行模拟。分别将集总式输出系数模型和引入空间修正入河系数的改进输出系数模型的模拟结果与实测值进行比较,结果显示改进后的输出系数模型模拟精度较改进前显著提高,为流域面源污染综合治理提供参考依据和理论支撑。Conducting a comprehensive research into the pollution loads originating from non-point sources within the Yangtze River Basin carries profound implications for practical environmental management.The traditional approach,which relies on an aggregated export coefficient model,presents limitations in capturing the intricate spatial variations of pollutants.Moreover,it fails to account for the intricate dynamics of pollutant migration losses that occur during the transit from pollution sources to the receiving water bodies.Consequently,the outcomes generated by traditional model predominantly reflect pollutant generation rather than the genuine quantities that find their way into the river system.In order to reduce errors in simulation results caused by regional variations in natural geographic conditions,this study considers comprehensively an array of factors that exert pivotal influences on the process of pollutant transport during migration.These factors include rainfall patterns,local topography,vegetation cover,and the spatial separation between pollution sources and water bodies.By integrating these factors into the framework,this research introduces a novel modification to the traditional Johnes export coefficient model.This modification entails the incorporation of spatially adjusted river load ratio,culminating in the formulation of an advanced and spatially refined export coefficient model.Applying the refined export coefficient model to the Yangtze River Basin,the paper proceeds to simulate the concentrations of total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand along nine selected monitoring sections.In comparison to the conventional aggregated export coefficient model,the advanced model demonstrates heightened accuracy consistently in predicting pollutant distribution within the river system.This remarkable improvement underscores the potential of the refined model to offer a more realistic representation of pollution dynamics across the Yangtze River Basin.Consequently,these findings provide noteworthy impli

关 键 词：输出系数模型 入河系数 面源污染 GIS 长江流域 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]