多重社会时空下的“有限自主性”——互联网平台日常保洁家政劳动研究  

Limited Autonomy in Multiple Social Space-Time:Daily Domestic Work on Online Platforms

作　　者：李洁 LI Jie(School of Social Work,China Women's University,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中华女子学院社会工作学院,北京100101

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2024年第1期43-60,共18页Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies

基　　金：中华女子学院青年教师科研创新专项课题重大项目“数字时空视角下互联网平台家政工劳动形态研究”(项目编号:2022QN0101)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：互联网平台经济的兴起为家政服务这样一个既古老又高度面向未来的劳动行业带来了新的挑战和机遇。通过对互联网平台日常保洁家政这样一个具体服务品类的劳动过程研究,本文发现家政劳动者身处“网络平台—城市通勤—工作场所—私人领域”等多维社会时空。而上述社会时空之间的交叠、缝隙与弥合,在给劳动者提供有限自主性的同时,也让她们仍然身陷多重的结构性的压力和限制。通过将劳动者视为“平台—劳动者—用户”三方关系中的有限行动主体,本文发现,无论是传统情感联结还是网络数字平台,都具有为劳动者提供支持性联结与保护的可能,但也存在深度控制与过度汲取的风险。而多样性选择的存在,则为家政劳动者开展合纵联盟与边界划分的动态实践提供了重要空间。The rise of the online platform economy has provided new challenges and opportunities for domestic work,an ancient as well as highly future-oriented labor industry.Through the study of the labor process of a specific service category,namely,daily cleaning and housekeeping,on Internet platforms,this paper finds that domestic workers exist in multiple social space and time.Their work-and-life stretches from online platform and urban commuting areas to their work places and private spheres.The existence of overlaps,gaps,and bridges between the multiple social space and time not only offers workers with limited autonomy,but also leave them exposed to multiple structural pressures and restrictions.By putting workers as the main focus in the“employer-worker-online platforms”triangle relationship,the paper finds that both traditional emotional connections and online digital platforms have the possibility of providing workers with supportive connections and protection.However,there also appear to be risks of deepening control and exploitation.The existence of diversified choices provides an important space for domestic workers to build alliances and set boundaries.

关 键 词：平台经济 多维社会时空 家政工作 有限自主性 劳动过程 

分 类 号：C913.2[经济管理]