气动激励下的涡轮增压器整机振动分析与试验  

Vibration Measurement and Analysis of a Turbocharger Under Aerodynamic Excitation

作　　者：秦励伟 刘贵升 盆义红 刘海[1,2] 景国玺 张昊 Qin Liwei;Liu Guisheng;Pen Yihong;Liu Hai;Jing Guoxi;Zhang Hao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Power Transmission and Safety Technology for New Energy Vehicles,Tianjin 300130,China;National Key Laboratory of Diesel Engine Turbocharging Technology,China North Engine Research Institute,Tianjin 300400,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学机械工程学院,天津300130 [2]天津市新能源汽车动力传动与安全技术重点实验室,天津300130 [3]中国北方发动机研究所柴油机增压技术重点实验室,天津300400

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2024年第2期161-168,共8页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：国防重点实验室基金资助项目(6142212200309).

摘　　要：针对气动激励引起的增压器整机高振动响应问题,以某型柴油发动机涡轮增压器为研究对象,采用单向瞬态流固耦合方法,建立涡轮增压器整机流固耦合模型,开展气动激励下关键零部件振动响应研究.讨论并对比了涡轮及压气机叶轮气动激励的时域和频域特性,并定量分析了该激励下的结构振动响应特性,同时通过增压器振动试验验证了模型及方法的精度,各工况下壳体振动加速度量级的绝对误差不超过6 dB,相对误差不超过4%.结果表明:在转子系统中,压气机叶轮压力波动幅值为涡轮机涡轮的4倍,由此导致压气机叶轮的振动幅值平均为涡轮和转轴的3~4倍,最大振动幅值发生在压气机叶轮轮盘外边缘叶顶间隙处,为209.5μm;壳体振动烈度最大的部位发生在压气机出口内壁靠近轴承体一侧,为322.2 m/s^(2).In order to investigate the high vibration response of a diesel engine turbocharger caused by aerodynamic excitation,a fluid structure coupling model for the whole turbocharger was established using the unidirectional transient fluid structure coupling method,and the vibration response of key components was studied.The timedomain and frequency-domain characteristics of aerodynamic excitation of the turbine and impeller blades were thoroughly compared and discussed,and the structural vibration response characteristics under such excitation were quantitatively analyzed.The accuracy of the model was verified by the turbocharger vibration measurement.The absolute error of the accelerated vibration level under each condition does not exceed 6 dB,and the relative error does not exceed 4%compared to the measured data.The results show that in the goose system,the amplitude of the pressure fluctuation of the leaf turbine is 4 times of the turbine end,which causes the vibration amplitude of the impeller to be an average of 3 to 4 times of the turbine and the rotating shaft.The maximum vibration amplitude of 209.5μm occurs at the gap between the leaf top.The largest housing vibration intensity of 322.2 m/s^(2) occurs at the inner wall of the compressor outlet close to the side of the bearing body.

关 键 词：涡轮增压器 气动激励 流固耦合 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK474[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]