自动听性脑干反应与耳声发射在新生儿听力筛查中的应用效果  

The Application Effect of Automatic Auditory Brainstem Response and Otoacoustic Emissions in Neonatal Hearing Screening

作　　者：田婷 TIAN Ting(Jiangyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Taizhou 225300,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]泰州市姜堰区妇幼保健院,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《中国实用乡村医生杂志》2023年第12期48-51,共4页Chinese Practical Journal of Rural Doctor

摘　　要：目的 探讨自动听性脑干反应(automated auditory brainstem response,AABR)与耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic emission,DPOAE)在新生儿听力筛查中的应用效果。方法 选择2021年1月—2023年1月在泰州市姜堰区妇幼保健院接受听力筛查的1 400例新生儿作为研究对象。在新生儿出生后的2~5 d内完成AABR检查和DPOAE检查,以听性脑干诱发电位(auditory brainstem response,ABR)为金标准,比较单独AABR检查、单独DPOAE检查以及AABR联合DPOAE检查新生儿听力损伤的诊断效能。结果 AABR联合DPOAE检查新生儿听力损伤初筛阳性率、复筛阳性率以及确诊率均高于单独AABR检查、单独DPOAE检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Kappa一致性检验证实,AABR联合DPOAE检查与最终确诊结果有高度的一致性(P<0.05)。在诊断效能指标对比中,AABR联合DPOAE检查的灵敏度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、诊断符合率均高于单独AABR检查、单独DPOAE检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 AABR检查、DPOAE检查均可作为新生儿听力损伤的有效筛查方法,且AABR联合DPOAE检查能进一步提高听力损伤患儿筛查的阳性率,有较高的诊断效能,有利于尽早地发现新生儿听力损伤。Objective To investigate the application effect of automatic auditory brainstem response(AABR)and otoacoustic emission(DPOAE)in neonatal hearing screening.Methods A total of 1400 newborns who underwent hearing screening in Taizhou Jiangyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects.AABR and DPOAE examinations were completed within 2~5 days after birth.The diagnostic efficacy of AABR alone,DPOAE alone,and AABR combined with DPOAE for neonatal hearing loss were compared based on the gold standard of auditory brainstem response(ABR).Results The positive rate of AABR combined with DPOAE for neonatal hearing loss was significantly higher than that of AABR alone and DPOAE alone(P<0.05).After Kappa consistency test,there was a high degree of consistency between AABR combined with DPOAE examination and the final diagnosis(P<0.05).In the comparison of diagnostic efficacy indicators,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and accuracy of AABR combined with DPOAE were significantly higher than those of AABR alone and DPOAE alone(P<0.05).Conclusion AABR examination and DPOAE examination can both be effective screening methods for hearing loss in newborns,and the combination of AABR and DPOAE examination can further improve the positive rate of hearing loss screening,have high diagnostic efficiency,and be conducive to early detection of hearing loss in newborns.

关 键 词：新生儿 听力筛查 自动性脑干反应 耳声发射 听力损伤 诊断效能 

分 类 号：R444[医药卫生—诊断学]