全国医疗机构中药饮片临方炮制开展情况调研  

Research on the Development of Prescription-Based Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces in Medical Institutions in China

作　　者：李佳怡 华国栋 曹俊岭[1] 王超[1] 朱宝琛 杨文华 薛春苗[1] LI Jiayi;HUA Guodong;CAO Junling;WANG Chao;ZHU Baochen;YANG Wenhua;XUE Chunmiao(Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing,China 100700)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京100700

出　　处：《中国药业》2024年第6期8-11,共4页China Pharmaceuticals

基　　金：全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目[国中医药人教函[2018]204号];北京药学会临床药学研究项目[LCYX-2022-01]。

摘　　要：目的了解全国医疗机构中药饮片临方炮制开展现状。方法以中医医院、综合性医院、专科医院及社区医院为调研对象,采用“问卷星”平台进行问卷调查,内容主要包括在用中药饮片的基本情况、临方炮制室的建设情况、临方炮制项目的开展情况、临方炮制人员的配备情况等。结果共73家医疗机构参与调研,来自全国29个省(自治区、直辖市),以中医医院(61家,83.56%)和三级医院(62家,84.93%)为主,在用中药饮片多仅由生产企业提供(54家,73.97%)。64家(87.67%)认为临方炮制与中药饮片的临床疗效密切相关。56家(76.71%)的临床医师有临方炮制需求。27家(36.99%)设有临方炮制室(其中12家设备完善),仅24家开展该业务,其中7家(29.17%)的临方炮制有收费项目;7家(29.17%)的临方炮制业务已列入医保(2家全部列入,5家部分列入);16家(66.67%)的临方炮制人员为专职药师;13家(54.17%)对临方炮制人员的学历要求为大学本科及以上;18家(75.00%)对临方炮制人员的职称要求为药师(初级)及以上。62家(84.93%)认为有必要建设中药饮片临方炮制室,68家(93.15%)认为有必要开展中药饮片临方炮制业务。使用频次排名前3的炮制方法分别为打粉、炒法和切制,使用频次最多的炮制依据为2020年版《中国药典(一部)》。临方炮制的中药饮片共71种,包含动物类、种子果实类、芳香类等。结论目前,国内开展临方炮制的医疗机构较少,而常规中药饮片难以完全满足临床辨证施治的需求,一定程度上阻碍了中医药的发展;建议相关部门推进临方炮制服务规范、收费标准等政策的出台,促进医疗机构临方炮制的规范化发展。Objective To investigate the current status of prescription-based processing of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoction pieces in medical institutions in China.Methods Chinese medicine hospitals,general hospitals,special hospitals and community hospitals were selected for questionnaire survey by the Questionnaire Star platform around the basic information of TCM decoction pieces,the building of prescription-based processing rooms,the development of prescription-based processing projects,and the staffing of prescription-based processing.Results A total of 73 medical institutions participated in the survey,from 29 provinces(autonomous regions,municipalities)in China,mainly Chinese medicine hospitals(61,83.56%)and tertiary hospitals(62,84.93%),and most of TCM decoction pieces in use were provided only by manufacturing enterprises(54,73.97%).The respondents in 64 medical institutions(87.67%)thought that the prescription-based processing was closely related to the clinical efficacy of TCM decoction pieces.The clinical physicians in 56 medical institutions(76.71%)had a demand for prescription-based processing.There were 27 medical institutions(36.99%)having prescription-based processing rooms,of which 12 had complete equipment and only 24 carried out this work.Among the above 24 medical institutions,seven(29.17%)had chargeable items for prescription-based processing;seven(29.17%)had the prescription-based processing costs that had been included in medical insurance,of which two were all included,and five were partially included;16(66.67%)arranged for full-time pharmacists to engage in prescription-based processing;13(54.17%)required the academic qualifications of bachelor′s degree or above for relevant personnel;18(75.00%)required the professional title of pharmacists(junior level)or above for relevant personnel.The respondents in 62 medical institutions(84.93%)thought that it was necessary to build prescription-based processing rooms for TCM decoction pieces,and 68(93.15%)thought that it was necessary to carry ou

关 键 词：医疗机构 中药饮片 临方炮制 调研 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]