浙江省15~69岁居民不同慢性病患病状况下的健康素养水平及其影响因素分析  

Health literacy and its influencing factors among residents aged 15-69 years with different chronic disease in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：胡秀静 姚丁铭[1] 徐越[1] 陈赫妮 张雪海[1] Hu Xiujing;Yao Dingming;Xu Yue;Chen Heni;Zhang Xuehai(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,杭州310051

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2024年第2期107-113,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：2022年度浙江省中医药科学研究基金项目(2022ZA047)。

摘　　要：目的分析浙江省15~69岁居民不同慢性病患病状况下的健康素养水平及其影响因素。方法本研究为横断面研究,采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法,于2022年6—11月在浙江省30个监测点抽取19200名15~69岁常住居民,使用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》展开入户问卷调查。调查内容包括社会人口学特征、健康相关因素及健康素养水平等。共发放问卷19200份,收回问卷19051份,其中有效问卷18857份(98.98%)。采用χ^(2)检验比较居民不同慢性病患病状况下的健康素养水平,采用logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果2022年浙江省15~69岁居民健康素养具备率为38.36%,其中多重慢性病患者的健康素养具备率显著低于单一慢性病患者及未患慢性病者(14.70%比25.37%、42.21%)(χ^(2)=483.05,P<0.001)。患有多重慢性病与健康素养不足呈正相关(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.01~1.58),多重慢性病患者在基本知识和理念(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.03~1.63)、健康生活方式与行为(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.01~1.53)、基本技能(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.11~1.69)以及健康信息(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.08~1.50)维度素养不足的概率均显著高于未患慢性病者(OR=1.00)。结论慢性病种数是影响居民健康素养水平的关键因素,多重慢性病患者常伴有更高的健康素养不足风险。Objective To investigate the level of health literacy and its influencing factors among residents aged 15-69 years with different chronic disease in Zhejiang Province.Methods In this cross-sectional study,a stratified multistage whole cluster random sampling method was used to select 19200 permanent residents aged 15-69 years from 30 monitoring sites in Zhejiang Province from June to November 2022,and a household questionnaire survey was carried out with the National Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire for the Population.The content of the survey included socio-demographic characteristics,health-related factors and health literacy level.A total of 19200 questionnaires were distributed and 19051 were collected,of which 18857(98.98%)were valid.Theχ^(2) test was used to compare the health literacy levels of residents with different chronic diseases,and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the health literacy levels.Results The health literacy level of residents aged 15-69 in Zhejiang Province in 2022 was 38.36%.Among them,the health literacy level of patients with multiple chronic diseases was much lower than those with single chronic disease and those without chronic disease(14.70%vs 25.37%,42.21%)(χ^(2)=483.05,P<0.001).It was positively associated between having multiple chronic diseases and insufficient health literacy(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.01-1.58);compared with those without chronic disease(OR=1.00),patients with multiple chronic diseases were significantly more likely to have inadequate health literacy in basic knowledge and concepts(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.03-1.63),health behaviors(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.01-1.53),basic skills(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.11-1.69),and health information literacy(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.08-1.50).Conclusions The number of chronic diseases is a key factor that affects the residents′health literacy level,and people with multiple chronic diseases are often associated with a higher risk of inadequate health literacy.

关 键 词：健康素养 慢性病 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]