天津市≥18岁非吸烟人群二手烟暴露及影响因素分析  

Analysis of passive smoking exposure and its influencing factors in non-smokers aged≥18 in Tianjin

作　　者：范莉莉 郑文龙[1] 辛鹏[1] 李静[1] 李昌昆 李利敏 Fan Lili;Zheng Wenlong;Xin Peng;Li Jing;Li Changkun;Li Limin(Department of Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心非传染性疾病预防控制所,天津300011

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2024年第2期135-140,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目流行病学-非传染病预防与控制(TJYXZDXK-051A)。

摘　　要：目的分析天津市≥18岁非吸烟人群二手烟暴露情况及其影响因素。方法本研究为横断面研究。以2018年天津市成人慢性病与营养监测调查中7个监测点≥18岁非现在吸烟人群为研究对象,以天津市2018年人口数据为标准人口对样本数据进行加权后,对一般人口学特征、二手烟暴露水平、对烟草危害的认知、二手烟暴露的影响因素进行分析。率的组间比较采用Pearsonχ^(2)检验,影响因素分析采用非条件logistic回归分析。结果经加权后,天津市≥18岁非现在吸烟人群二手烟暴露率为51.5%;非现在吸烟居民中,对吸烟导致肺癌、二手烟导致成人肺癌的知晓率最高,分别为83.3%和80.0%。对吸烟导致卒中和二手烟导致成人心脏疾病的知晓率最低,分别为61.4%和66.4%。非二手烟暴露者对吸烟会导致卒中的知晓率高于二手烟暴露者(62.7%比60.3%,P<0.05),非二手烟暴露者与二手烟暴露者对吸烟导致心脏病发作、肺癌,二手烟导致成人心脏疾病、成人肺癌、儿童肺部疾病的知晓率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。非现在吸烟居民同时知晓吸烟导致3种疾病(卒中、心脏病发作、肺癌)的比例为57.9%,同时知晓二手烟导致3种疾病(成人心脏病、肺癌、儿童肺部疾病)的比例为64.9%。男性受教育程度为本科及以上是二手烟暴露的保护因素,国家机关、党群组织企事业单位负责人、办事人员和有关人员是二手烟暴露的危险因素。女性中,年龄≥60岁、高受教育程度是二手烟暴露的保护因素。结论天津市≥18岁非吸烟人群二手烟暴露水平较高,对烟草暴露可导致心血管疾病的知晓率较低。应加强对相关知识的宣传普及。Objective To analyze the passive smoking exposure and its influencing factors in non-smokers aged≥18 in Tianjin.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Based on the 2018 Tianjin Adults Noncommunicable Disease and Nutrition Surveillance,non-smokers aged≥18 years old at 7 surveillance sites were selected as the research objects,taking 2018 population data of Tianjin as the standard population,the sample data were weighted to analyze the general demographic characteristics,the level of passive smoking exposure,the cognition of tobacco harm,and the influencing factors of passive smoking exposure.Pearsonχ^(2) test was used to compare the rate between groups,and the influencing factors were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression.Results After weighted,the passive smoking exposure rate was 51.5%,among non-current smokers,the awareness rates of smoking related lung cancer and passive smoking related adult lung cancer were 83.3%and 80.0%,respectively.The awareness rates of smoking related stroke and passive smoking related heart disease in adults were 61.4%and 66.4%,respectively.The awareness rate that smoking related stroke was higher in the non-passive smoking exposed group than in the secondhand smoke exposed group(62.7%vs 60.3%,P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the awareness rate of smoking related heart attacks and lung cancer as well as passive smoking related adult heart disease,adult lung cancer,and lung disease in children between the passive smoking exposed group and the non-passive smoking exposed group(all P>0.05).The awareness rate of smoking related three diseases(stroke,heart attack and lung cancer)was 57.9%and the awareness rate of passive smoking related three diseases(heart disease in adults,lung cancer and lung disease in children)was 64.9%in non-current smokers.Among men,undergraduate or above was a protective factor for second-hand smoke exposure.Heads,clerical and related personnel of state organs,party and mass organizations,enterprises and public institutions were risk fac

关 键 词：烟草 非吸烟 二手烟 知晓率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]