582例小儿腹泻病因调查分析  

Investigation and analysis etiololgy of 582 cases with infantile diarrheal

作　　者：胡祥英[1] 张桂花 王开梅[1] 黄娆 HU Xiangying;ZHANG Guihua;WANG Kaimei;HUANG Rao(Department of Pediatric,Haikou Maternity and Infant Health Hospital,Haikou,Hainan,570102,China)

机构地区：[1]海口市妇幼保健院,海南海口570102

出　　处：《当代医学》2023年第26期170-172,共3页Contemporary Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析小儿腹泻病因,为临床治疗和预防提供理论指导。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年12月于海口市妇幼保健院住院的582例小儿腹泻患儿的临床资料。结果582例患儿中男354例,女228例;发病年龄:2个月~1岁293例,>1~2岁170例,>2~3岁85例,>3~4岁34例;发病时间:1~3月份205例,4~6月份97例,7~9月份96例,10~12月份184例;患儿来源地区:市区228例,农村354例。582例患儿中,感染性腹泻469例,其中病毒性肠炎289例,抗生素相关性腹泻98例,细菌性肠炎75例;非感染性腹泻113例,其中食饵性腹泻45例,症状性腹泻34例。感染性腹泻患儿男性、农村儿童占比高于非感染性腹泻患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染性和非感染性腹泻患儿年龄、月份分布比较差异无统计学意义。结论小儿腹泻病患儿以男性农村患儿居多,以感染性腹泻多见,主要为病毒性肠炎,发病年龄以2岁以下小儿为主,发病时期在10~12月和1~3月2个时间段。临床应以预防为主,做好2岁以下农村儿童的卫生保健工作。Objective To explore the etiology of infantile diarrhea and provide theoretical guidance for clinical treatment and prevention.Methods The data of 582 pediatric diarrhea admitted to Haikou Maternity and Infant Health Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were ret-rospective analyzed.Results Among the 582 cases of infantile diarrhea,there were 354 males and 228 females;age of onset,there were 293 cases under 1 year old,170 cases>1-2 years old,85 cases>2-3 years old,and 34 cases>3-4 years old;onset time,there were 205 cases from January to March,97 cases from April to June,96 cases cases from July to September,and 184 cases from October to December;child orgin area,there were 228 children in urban areas,354 children in rural areas.Among the 582 cases of infantile diarrhea,there were 469 cases of infectious diarrhea,which inclouded 289 cases of viral enteritis,98 cases of antibiotic related diarrhea,and 75 cases of bacterial enteritis;113 cases of non-infectious diarrhea,which inclouded 45 cases of bait induced diarrhea and 34 cases of symptomatic diarrhea.The proportion of male and rural children with infectious di-arrhea were higher than those in non-infectious diarrhea children,and the differences were satistifically significant(P<0.05);there was no statistical-ly significant difference in age and month distribution between children with infectious and non-infectious diarrhea diseases.Conclusion Male and rural children were the majority of children with diarrhea,and infectious diarrhea was more common,mainly viral enteritis.The age of onset is main-ly in children under 2 years old,and the onset time was from October to December and from January to March,clinical to prioritize prevention and do a good job in healthcare for rural children under 2 years old.

关 键 词：小儿 腹泻 感染性 非感染性 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]