云南省6个“直过民族”卫生服务需要与利用现状调查研究  

Current Situation of Health Service Needs and Utilization among Six Zhiguo Ethnic Minority Groups in Yunnan Province

作　　者：陈杰 王辛平 熊珈一 马春明[2] 黄源 邓睿 焦锋 Jie CHEN;Xinping WANG;Jiayi XIONG;Chunming MA;Yuan HUANG;Rui DENG;Feng JIAO(School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Yunnan Kunming 650500;Student Affairs Office,Kunming Medical University,Yunnan Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明医科大学学生处,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2024年第2期85-93,共9页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学应用基础研究联合专项基金资助项目(202201AY070001-024);云南省哲学社会科学创新团队-云南省卫生健康服务体系现代化研究(42023010)。

摘　　要：目的了解云南省6个“直过民族”的卫生服务需要与利用状况,为卫生规划提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法于2022年7~12月,选取云南省6个“直过民族”15岁及以上的1921名居民进行卫生服务需要与利用情况调查。结果云南省6个“直过民族”居民的2周患病率为22.54%,慢性病患病率为38.52%。其中,女性(OR=1.564)、年龄≥60岁(OR=1.727)与健康效应值较低(OR=5.277)居民的2周患病风险更高,而民族为基诺族(OR=0.470)和拉祜族(OR=0.659)、EQ-VAS评分较高(OR=0.446/0.174)居民则较低;年龄≥45岁(OR=3.392/7.072)居民的慢性病患病风险更高,而民族为基诺族(OR=0.409)、未婚(OR=0.479)、高受教育程度(OR=0.629/0.603)和高EQ-VAS评分(OR=0.208)的居民则较低(P<0.05)。6个“直过民族”居民的2周就诊率为14.32%,2周患病未就诊率为36.49%;1 a内住院率为19.89%,应住院未住院率为15.86%。其中,女性(OR=1.461)和年龄≥45岁(OR=1.510/1.560)居民的2周就诊风险更高,而高EQ-VAS评分(OR=0.445)居民则较低;年龄≥60岁(OR=2.029)、民族为怒族(OR=1.599)、傈僳族(OR=1.688)和基诺族(OR=1.968)的居民1a内住院的风险更高,而高EQ-VAS评分(OR=0.325)的居民则更低(P<0.05)。结论云南省“直过民族”卫生服务需要较低,但慢性病流行态势不容乐观;卫生服务利用相对充分,但门诊服务利用仍有待改善。Objective To investigate the need for and utilization of health services among six Zhiguoethnic minority groups in Yunnan Province,aiming to provide further evidence for the improvement of healthcare.Methods Using stratified random sampling,1921 individuals from six Zhiguo ethnic minority groups,aged 15 and above,were investigated with a structured questionnaire between August and December 2022.A structured questionnaire was used to collect participants’information on health service needs and utilization.Results Am-ong the surveyed participants,the two-week prevalence rate was found to be 22.54%,while the prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 38.52%.Among the residents,the risk of two-week prevalence was higher for females(OR=1.564),individuals aged≥60 years(OR=1.727),and those who reported poorer health utility value(OR=5.277),while it was lower for residents of Keno(OR=0.470)and Lahu(OR=0.659)ethnicity,as well as those who reported higher EQ-VAS scores(OR=0.446/0.174).Meanwhile,residents aged≥45 years(OR=3.392/7.072)were at higher risk for chronic disease prevalence,while it was lower for Keno ethnicity(OR=0.409),unmarried individuals(OR=0.479),and those with higher education levels(OR=0.629/0.603),higher EQ-VAS scores(OR=0.208)P<0.05.Additionally,among the participants,the treat-ment rate for two-week illness was 14.32%,while the non-treatment rate stood at 36.49%.Furthermore,the one-year hospitalization rate was reported as 19.89%,with a corresponding rate of individuals who needed hospitalization but did not receive it being recorded at 15.86%.Among the residents,the likelihood of treatment for two-week illness was higher for females(OR=1.461)and residents aged≥45 years(OR=1.510/1.560),whereas it was lower for individuals with higher EQ-VAS scores(OR=0.445).The likelihood of hospitalization within one year was also higher for residents aged≥60 years(OR=2.029)and individuals of Nu(OR=1.599),Lisu(OR=1.688),and Keno(OR=1.968)ethnicity,whereas those with high EQ-VAS scores(OR=0.325)had a lower risk(P

关 键 词：卫生服务需要 卫生服务利用 直过民族 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]