重写法律史:中国法律史学研究现状及知识体系建构  

China's Legal Historiography and the Construction of Chinese Legal Knowledge System

作　　者：侯欣一 Hou Xinyi

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,青岛266237

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第2期30-37,207,208,共10页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

摘　　要：中国法律史学属法学学科中的基础性学科,承担着为中国法学提供自主经验和原创性知识的重任,决定着中国法学的民族性问题。然而,由于知识类型的差异以及表达方式的特殊性,中国法律史学地位极为边缘,故而,提升、改变中国法律史学的学术水平和学科地位必须处理好两个学术议题:一是何谓“中国传统法律”,二是怎样评价“近现代中国的法律转型”。就研究方法而言,必须正视中国历史上曾经有过的三种差异极大的法律体系和法学知识,即中国传统的法律规范和法学知识,清末民初传入中国的西方近现代法律规范和法学知识,根据地政权创建的法律规范和法学知识。这些分属不同时代、不同文化、不同性质的法制,有的是民族性及民族精神的体现,有的体现了现代法学学科的专业属性,有的则是理解中国当下法治实践的独特视角,都是研究中国法律史不可或缺的知识前提和历史维度,都与当下中国的法治实践,即法治中国建设有着明显的历史渊源。任何对中国传统法律和近代法律转型的研究都不能对它们视而不见。As a basic legal discipline,Chinese legal historiography bears the critical responsibility of providing autonomous experience and original knowledge for Chinese jurisprudence,which determines the unique national feature of Chinese jurisprudence.However,due to the differences in the types of knowledge and the unique ways of expression,Chinese legal historiography is highly marginalized in the area of jurisprudence studies,and little attention has been paid to the work of scholars on Chinese legal historiography.On the other hand,the authorities have recently emphasized the need to promote and inherit the excellent traditional Chinese legal culture.This contrast between official expectation and reality is bound to affect the mentality of legal historians.In the author's opinion,two academic topics must be dealt with in order to enhance and change the academic level and disciplinary status of Chinese legal historiography,which involve attitude,value,professional ability and scientific method.One is what“traditional Chinese law”is,and the other is how to evaluate“modern China's legal transformation”.China has its own well-developed legal civilization,but in recent times,the Chinese people have gone through a complex process of confusion,denial,criticism,and then recognition of traditional Chinese law.Facing the change of the times,legal historians need to maintain sufficient stamina,uphold a scientific attitude and people-centered values,and use solid professional techniques to wholly and accurately present China's own legal tradition,reveal its characteristics and the values it upholds,and prevent traditional law from re-emerging in the form of stigmatization or whitewashing.Chinese traditional law must be transformed,and the people of China have had a clear understanding of this.As a result,since the late Qing period,legal transformation has been an essential topic in Chinese jurisprudence and Chinese legal practice.So far,there has been adequate research on the process,power,content,and other aspects relat

关 键 词：法律史学科 知识体系 学术创新 法律传统 法律转型 

分 类 号：D909[政治法律—法学理论]