哺乳动物高尔基体的结构特点与功能  

Structure and Function of Golgi in Mammalian Cells

作　　者：邢雨生 简彦楠 张晓妍 XING Yusheng;JIAN Yannan;ZHANG Xiaoyan(College of Biomedicine and Health,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学,生物医学与健康学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2024年第1期63-78,共16页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:32070693)资助的课题。

摘　　要：在动物细胞中,高尔基体是内膜系统的物质运输中心,负责蛋白质和脂质的加工、修饰和分选,有序的高尔基体结构是维护其精确功能的基础。该文总结了哺乳动物细胞高尔基体独特堆叠和带状结构的分子基础,具体阐述了高尔基体结构在蛋白质糖基化修饰和分选中的作用,分析了高尔基体结构和功能紊乱与疾病之间的联系,并对近期热点研究的高尔基体参与的其他生理功能进行了介绍,为更深入地了解生理和病理条件下的高尔基体结构与功能提供了参考。In animal cells,the Golgi apparatus is the center of cargo transport in the endomembrane system,responsible for processing,modification and sorting of proteins and lipids.The orderly Golgi structure is the basis for maintaining its precise function.This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms of maintaining the unique stacking and ribbon-like structure of Golgi apparatus in mammalian cells,specifically elaborates on the role of Golgi structure in protein glycosylation modification and sorting,analyzes the correlation between Golgi structure and functional disorders and diseases,and introduces other physiological functions in which the Golgi is involved,based on recent hot research topics.This article provides a reference for a deeper understanding of the structure and function of Golgi apparatus under physiological and pathological conditions.

关 键 词：高尔基体 糖基化修饰 癌症 细胞自噬 非常规型蛋白分泌 

分 类 号：Q952.4[生物学—动物学]