家庭赋权模式在首发脑卒中吞咽障碍患者主要照顾者中的应用效果评价  

The application of family empowerment model on the primary caregivers of first-episode stroke dysphagia patients

作　　者：余红[1] 杜静[1] 徐倩[1] 徐明明[2] 范香格 张帆[1] 翁雪云[1] 马晓明[1] 缑燕华[1] 李琳青[1] Yu Hong;Du Jing;Xu Qian;Xu Mingming;Fan Xiangge;Zhang Fan;Weng Xueyun;Ma Xiaoming;Hou Yanhua;Li Linqing(Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenzhen 518033,China;Department of Nusing,Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenzhen 518033,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市中医院针灸科,深圳518033 [2]深圳市中医院护理部,深圳518033

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2024年第4期263-271,共9页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：广东省中医药局科研项目(20221351);深圳市科技计划项目(KCXFZ20201221173208024)。

摘　　要：目的探究家庭赋权模式对首发脑卒中吞咽障碍患者主要照顾者吞咽照护能力及照顾准备度的影响,并进一步探讨其对患者吞咽功能和生命质量的影响。方法采用随机对照试验,选择2021年1月至2022年12月深圳市中医院针灸科收治的首发脑卒中吞咽障碍患者主要照顾者80名为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各40名。对照组照顾的患者接受针灸科脑卒中后吞咽障碍常规治疗护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施家庭赋权模式的干预14 d,并随访28 d。应用脑卒中主要照顾者吞咽照护能力评分、主要照顾者照顾准备度评分、患者吞咽功能改善总有效率、患者吞咽障碍特异性生命质量量表(SWALQOL)评价干预效果。结果对照组男18名,女19名,年龄(55.61±7.43)岁,观察组男18名,女21名,年龄(58.23±8.22)岁。干预后14 d,观察组主要照顾者吞咽照护能力总分为(143.47±3.96)分,与对照组的(107.44±1.43)分比较差异有统计学意义(t=-26.76,P<0.05)。干预后14 d观察组主要照顾者的照顾准备度得分为(26.11±3.81)分,与对照组的(18.35±4.54)分比较差异有统计学意义(t=-4.11,P<0.05)。干预后14 d观察组照顾的患者的吞咽障碍总有效率和SWALQOL评分分别为97.44%(38/39)和(91.41±8.08)分,与对照组的72.97%(27/37)和(80.33±11.21)分比较差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.76,t=-2.54,均P<0.05)。结论家庭赋权模式有助于提高首发脑卒中吞咽障碍患者主要照顾者吞咽照护能力及照顾准备度,提升居家护理能力,进一步改善患者吞咽功能,最终提高其生命质量。Objective To explore the effect of family empowerment model on the improvement of swallowing care ability and care preparedness of primary caregivers of first-episode stroke dysphagia patients,further to explore its impact on patients′s wallowing function and life quality.Methods This study was a randomized controlled study.From January 2021 to December 2022,80 main caregivers of patients with dysphagia caused by manual stroke admitted to the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the research objects,and 40 cases in the control group and 40 cases in the observation group were selected by random number table method.The control group were treated with conventional nursing care of first-episode stroke dysphagia patients in the acupuncture and moxibustion Department.On the basis of the conventional care in the control group,the observation group were treated with family empowerment model intervention for 14 days and was followed up for 28 days.Primary caregivers′swallowing care ability,Caregiver Preparedness Scale(CPS),patients′swallowing function rate,Swallowing Related Quality of Life(SWALQOL)were used to evaluate the effects before intervention and at the end of intervention.Results There were 18 males and 19 females primary caregivers in the control group,aged(55.61±7.43)years old.There were 18 males and 21 females primary caregivers in the observation group,aged(58.23±8.22)years old.The swallowing care ability score showed a statistically significant difference between the observation group(143.47±3.96)and the control group(107.74±1.43)(t=-26.76,P<0.05).After intervention,the caregiver preparedness scale was(26.11±3.81)in the observation group,and(18.35±4.54)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=-4.11,P<0.05).The patients′swallowing function rate and SWALQOL score were respectively 97.44%(38/39)and(91.41±8.08)points in the observation group,and 72.97%(27/37)and(80.33±4.21)points in the control

关 键 词：卒中 吞咽障碍 护理 家庭赋权模式 主要照顾者 照顾准备度 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]