复合搅拌工艺电弧炉熔池混匀与界面传质特性  

Mixing and interface mass transfer characteristics of electric arc furnace melt pool with composite stirring process

作　　者：张福君 杨树峰[1,2] 刘威 孙烨[1] 焦傲腾 李京社 ZHANG Fujun;YANG Shufeng;LIU Wei;SUN Ye;JIAO Aoteng;LI Jingshe(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《钢铁》2024年第2期85-98,共14页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974020)。

摘　　要：全废钢电弧炉冶炼过程中缺失C-O反应,加之熔池呈浅碟型,单一搅拌方式搅拌强度低,反应动力学条件差,是制约电弧炉高效冶炼的主要原因之一。为了改善电弧炉冶炼过程熔池内动力学条件、提高冶炼效率,采用物理模拟方法,研究了单一搅拌方式形成的流场特性,在此基础上进一步探究了不同复合搅拌组合条件下熔池混匀与界面传质特性,探究最佳的复合搅拌方式。研究结果表明,氧气射流、侧吹形成的流场相似,主要分布在熔池上部和中上部,复合搅拌不能消除单一搅拌形成的弱搅拌区域;底吹形成的流场可以贯穿整个熔池,但在远离流股中心处和底部仍然存在弱搅拌区域,与射流复合搅拌可以大幅提高搅拌效果,平均混匀时间为53~86 s。在射流和底吹复合搅拌的死区部位添加侧吹喷枪,形成“三元”复合搅拌,可以进一步强化熔池搅拌效果,平均混匀时间为31~68 s,远低于“二元”搅拌,但熔池内部混匀效果与钢-渣界面传质效果对搅拌工艺参数要求并不一致,甚至相反。综合在“三元”搅拌条件下的冶金效果,1组和5组综合冶金效果最佳。The lack of C-O reaction during the entire scrap steel arc furnace smelting process,coupled with the shallow dish shape of the melt pool,low stirring intensity of a single stirring method,and poor reaction kinetics conditions,are one of the main reasons that restrict the efficient smelting of the arc furnace.In order to improve the dynamic conditions in the molten pool during the arc furnace smelting process and improve smelting efficiency,physical simulation methods are used to study the flow field characteristics formed by a single stirring method.Based on this,further exploration was conducted on the mixing and interface mass transfer characteristics of the molten pool under different composite stirring combinations,and the optimal composite stirring method was explored.The research results indicate that the flow field formed by oxygen jet and side blowing is similar,mainly distributed in the upper and middle upper parts of the molten pool,and composite stirring cannot eliminate the weak stirring zone formed by single stirring.The entire molten pool is penetrated by the flow field from bottom blowing,but there are still weak stirring areas far from the center and bottom of the stream.Combined jet stirring the stirring effect can be greatly improved,with an average mixing time of 53-86 s.Adding a side blowing nozzle to the dead zone of jet and bottom blowing composite mixing,the stirring effect of the melt pool can be further strengthened,with an average mixing time of 31-68 s much lower than that of binary stirring.However,the effect of mixing inside the melt pool and the mass transfer at the steel slag interface is the different or even the opposite.Combining metallurgical effects under the“ternary”stirring conditions,the best comprehensive metallurgical effect is performed in groups 1 and 5.

关 键 词：电弧炉 水模拟 复合搅拌 混匀时间 传质速率 

分 类 号：TF741.5[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]