2022年青海省农牧区3-17岁儿童水痘疫苗接种率和影响因素调查  

Varicella vaccine coverage and factors influencing coverage among 3-17-year-old children in agricultural and pastoral areas of Qinghai province,2022

作　　者：关炳菊 朱海山 张晓青 郝增平[1] 仲学相 刘慧慧[6] 王富珍[6] 阿克忠[1] Guan Bingju;Zhu Haishan;Zhang Xiaoqing;Hao Zengping;Zhong Xuexiang;Liu Huihui;Wang Fuzhen;A Kezhong'(Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining 810007,Qinghai,China;Intermediate Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Minhe County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Minhe 810800,Qinghai,China;Huangyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huangyuan 812100,Qinghai,China;Menyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Menyuan 810399,Qinghai,China;Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心,青海西宁810007 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心中级现场流行病学培训项目,北京100050 [3]民和县疾病预防控制中心,青海民和810800 [4]湟源县疾病预防控制中心,青海湟源812100 [5]门源县疾病预防控制中心,青海门源810399 [6]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2024年第1期61-65,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的了解青海省农牧区儿童水痘疫苗(Varicella vaccine,VarV)接种率及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法在青海省农牧区抽取幼儿园和中小学3-17岁儿童,对儿童监护人开展问卷调查,比较2021年10月实施查漏补种政策前后第1剂次和第2剂次VarV(VarV_(1)和VarV_(2))接种率,分析VarV_(1)接种率的影响因素。结果实施查漏补种政策后调查儿童VarV_(1)、VarV_(2)接种率分别为79.06%(676/855)、43.79%(363/829),较实施前分别增加了34.38个、24.13个百分点。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,农区儿童VarV_(1)接种率高于牧区儿童(OR=4.63,95%CI:2.91-7.39),儿童监护人水痘和VarV相关知识得分高(4-6分和7-10分)的儿童VarV_(1)接种率高于得分低(0-3分)的儿童(OR=8.61,95%CI:4.73-15.69;OR=2.86,95%CI:1.69-4.84)。结论实施查漏补种政策显著提高了调查地区儿童VarV接种率。需加强青海省特别是牧区儿童监护人水痘和VarV相关知识宣传,促进适龄儿童接种VarV。Objective To explore varicella vaccine coverage and factors influencing coverage among 3-17-year-old children in agricultural and pastoral areas of Qinghai province.Methods We used a stratified cluster sampling method to select children aged 3-17 years from kindergartens and primary/secondary schools in agricultural and pastoral areas of Qinghai for a questionnaire-based survey of their guardians.We compared coverage levels of one and two doses of VarV(VarV_(1) and VarV_(2))before and after a catch-up vaccination activity initiated in October 2021,and identified factors influencing VarV_(1) coverage.Results VarV_(1) and VarV_(2)coverage levels after the catch-up activity were 79.06%(676/855)and 43.79%(363/829),respectively,and increased by 34.38 and 24.13 percentage points compared with before the catch-up activity.Multivariate logistic regression showed that VarV_(1)coverage was higher in agricultural areas than in pastural areas(OR=4.63,95%CI:2.91-7.39),and higher among children whose guardians scored 4-6 or 7-10 points on knowledge about varicella and VarV than among children whose guardians scored 0-3 points(OR=8.61,95%CI:4.73-15.69;OR=2.86,95%CI:1.69-4.84).Conclusions The catch-up activity significantly increased VarV coverage among children in the surveyed areas.We should strengthen health education on knowledge about varicella and VarV among guardians of children in Qinghai,especially in pastoral areas,to promote VarV vaccination of age-eligible children.

关 键 词：水痘疫苗 接种率 影响因素 农牧区 儿童 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]