马尔康6.0级震群地震藏族民居震害调查与分析  

Seismic damage investigation and analysis of Tibetan dwellings in the Ms 6.0 Maerkang earthquake swarm

作　　者：潘毅[1,2] 陈齐 曹勇[3] 龙立 琚诚可 周祎[1] Pan Yi;Chen Qi;Cao Yong;Long Li;Ju Chengke;Zhou Yi(School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Key Laboratory of Seismic Engineering of Sichuan Province,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Architecture,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学抗震工程技术四川省重点实验室,四川成都610031 [3]西南交通大学建筑学院,四川成都610031 [4]成都大学,四川成都610106

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2024年第3期1-15,共15页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878559);地震工程与工程振动重点实验室重点专项(2021EEEVL0314)。

摘　　要：为掌握马尔康6.0级震群地震中藏族民居的震害情况,对地震灾区进行广泛的调查,总结藏族民居的建筑特点与结构特点,分析石木结构、木结构和生土结构的主要震害特征和破坏原因,并对不同结构类型的建筑震害数量和地质灾害隐患点数量进行统计和分析。研究结果表明:此次地震中,石木结构震害较严重,主要破坏特征为整体倒塌、局部倒塌、墙体破坏、梁柱破坏和屋盖破坏。木结构震害较轻,主要破坏特征为围护墙倒塌、开裂以及屋面溜瓦。由于距离震中较远,生土结构的震害最轻,主要破坏特征为墙体开裂。石木结构和木结构倒塌破坏占比分别为0.9%和0.0%,严重损坏占比分别为19.0%和17.2%。木结构多为非结构构件损坏,抗震能力强于石木结构。同时,地震诱发山体落石、山体滑坡,导致建筑被掩埋、道路中断、水利和通讯设施受损,地质灾害隐患点数量为663处。针对不同藏族民居的震害特征和破坏统计,建议在保留藏族民居建筑特色的前提下,发展受力机理清晰的结构体系,加强藏族民居的抗震措施,并重视该地区的震群型地震效应。根据次生灾害的破坏情况和统计,建议灾后重建中,藏族民居应合理选址,加强地质灾害的监测和预警,并完善防治次生灾害设施。In order to assess the seismic damage of Tibetan dwellings in the Ms 6.0 Maerkang earthquake swarm,an investigation was carried out in the disaster area.The architectural and structural characteristics of Tibetan dwellings were summarized firstly,and then the main seismic damage characteristics and failure causes of stone-wood,wood and raw-soil structures were analyzed.The statistical analysis was conducted on the seismic damage to different types of structures and the potential geological damages.The results showed that the seismic damage to the stone-wood structure was more serious,with the main damages characteristics being overall collapse,local collapse,wall failure,beam-column failure,and roof failure.The seismic damage to the wood structure was slight,with the main damage characteristics being wall collapse,cracking,and roof slip.Because the raw-soil structures were far from the epicenter,the seismic damage to them was the lightest,with the main damage characteristics being wall cracking.The proportions of collapse failure of stone-wood structures and wood structures were 0.9%and 0.0%,respectively,and the proportions of serious damage of the two types of structures were 19.0%and 17.2%,respectively.Wood structures mostly had non-structural damage and exhibited better seismic performance than stone-wood structures.Meanwhile,the rockfalls and landslides induced by earthquake resulted in buried buildings,road interruption,and damage to water conservancy and communication facilities,and a total of the potential geological damages were 663.Considering the seismic damage characteristics and statistical results of Tibetan dwellings,some suggestions are made,such as developing a structural system with an explicit force mechanism,strengthening the seismic measures of Tibetan dwellings,and paying attention to the earthquake swarm effect of the area while retaining the architectural characteristics of Tibetan dwellings.Based on the damages and statistics of secondary disasters,it is suggested that the reasonable locat

关 键 词：马尔康地震 震害调查 藏族民居 石木结构 木结构 生土结构 

分 类 号：TU352.11[建筑科学—结构工程]