基于拍卖谈判机制的分布式多技能多项目调度  

An Auction-based Negotiation Mechanism to Distributed Multi-skilledMulti-project Scheduling Problem

作　　者：有维宝 徐哲[1] 刘东宁 YOU Weibao;XU Zhe;LIU Dongning(School of Economics and Management,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2024年第1期1-8,共8页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72271012)。

摘　　要：求解分布式多项目调度问题的关键是设计有效的资源协调机制以解决项目间的全局资源冲突。当全局资源为多技能人力资源时,调度项目活动开始时间的同时还需要满足“活动-技能-资源”的匹配关系,从而为多项目制定高质量的调度计划与全局资源指派方案。基于多Agent系统,建立局部调度优化与全局协调决策的双层模型;采用基于正向逆向调度改进的遗传算法求解初始局部调度计划;以人力资源各时段的使用权作为拍卖品,设计考虑人力资源多技能异质特点的拍卖谈判机制协调全局资源冲突。改编MPSPLIB算例集并开展实验研究,研究结果表明:本文设计的拍卖谈判机制与改进的遗传算法相结合可以有效协调不同规模问题的全局资源分配;拍卖谈判机制在测试问题集上的求解结果优于序贯博弈谈判机制;问题规模越大或资源冲突程度越强,项目协调调度难度越大,全局资源分配过程越复杂。Economic globalization has promoted the development of multi-project distributed management and its management concept,and advanced information technology provides fast communication services between managers through the Internet,making distributed multi-project scheduling optimization possible.The distributed resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem(DRCMPSP)is a project scheduling problem that studies the integrated optimization of single project scheduling and global resource coordination allocation in a distributed decision-making environment with multiple independent decision-makers and asymmetric information in multi-project scheduling.When the global resources are multi-skilled human resources,the distributed multi-skilled multi-project scheduling problem(DMSMPSP)is formed.As an extension of DRCMPSP,DMSMPSP involves the matching relationship between“activities-skills-resources”and the multi-skilled heterogeneous characteristics of global human resources in the global resource allocation process,which further increases the complexity of scheduling problems and the difficulty of research.Through the research of this paper,the depth and breadth of theoretical research on distributed multi-project scheduling problems are further strengthened.In practice,it provides a decision basis and methodological guidance for project managers to carry out multi-project scheduling in a distributed decision-making environment.Given the characteristics of the research problem,a two-layer model integrating local scheduling optimization and global coordinated decision-making is established based on the multi-agent system.In the local scheduling optimization model,each local decision-maker independently schedules the managed projects with the optimization objective of minimizing the completion time of single project.In the global coordinated decision-making model,the global decision-maker achieves the optimization goal of minimizing the multi-project total delay cost through reasonable allocation of human resourc

关 键 词：多项目调度 分布式调度 多技能资源 拍卖机制 

分 类 号：N945[自然科学总论—系统科学]