耕作方式对冬小麦种子发芽特性及贮藏物质转运的影响  

Effects of tillage practice on seed germination and storage substance transport characteristics of winter wheat

作　　者：黄玲[1] 杨文平[1] 姚素梅[1] 梅沛沛[1] 胡喜巧[1] 张传功 HUANG Ling;YANG Wenping;YAO Sumei;MEI Peipei;HU Xiqiao;ZHANG Chuangong(College of Agriculture,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China;Convenience Service Center in Guguzhai Town of Xinxiang County Xinxiang 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院农学院,河南新乡453003 [2]新乡县古固寨镇便民服务中心,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期1-8,共8页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2300802);河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010101);大学生创新创业项目(2023CX034)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同耕作方式对成熟种子的萌发和种子贮藏物质转运特性的影响,文章以百农矮抗58(AK58)和百农4199(BN4199)为试验材料,利用标准发芽试验法对旋耕(CK)、深松(S0)和深耕(S1)后收获的小麦籽粒进行种子发芽、幼苗生长和贮藏物质转运研究.研究结果表明,与CK相比,S0和S1促进了AK58种子活力指数、根数和根系活力的增加;对BN4199的根芽比、根冠比和根系活力有促进作用.AK58的含蛋白质量在旋耕条件下最大,含淀粉量在深松下最高;BN4199的千粒质量为深松高于旋耕,但含蛋白质和淀粉量差异不明显.耕作方式对种子千粒质量、蛋白质和淀粉含量影响较为显著.旋耕有利于种子贮藏物质转化效率的增加,深松有利于提高AK58种子的贮藏物质转运量和BN4199的贮藏物质转运率和呼吸消耗.品种基因型对种子的发芽率和发芽指数有决定作用,种子贮藏物质指标和呼吸消耗与根数和根系活力更为相关.To study the effects of different farming methods on seed germination and storage substance transport characteristics of wheat during mature period.Using Bainong Aikang 58(AK58)and Bainong 4199(BN4199)as test materials,the standard germination test method was used to conduct seed germination,seedling growth and storage material transport studies on wheat grains harvested after rotary tillage(CK),subsoiling(S0)and deep tillage(S1).The results showed compared to rotary tillage,S0 and S1 promoted seed vigor index,root number and root vigor of AK58,and boosted root-shoot length ratio,root-shoot ratio of BN4199.The protein content of AK58 was the highest under CK,the starch content of subsoiling was higher than that of rotary tillage.The thousand-kernel mass of BN4199 was higher under subsoiling than rotary tillage,but the difference in protein and starch content was not obvious.Farming methods have a significant impact on seed quality,protein and starch content.Rotary tillage is beneficial to increase the conversion efficiency of seed storage substances,and subsoiling is beneficial to increase the storage substance transfer volume of AK58 seeds and the storage substance transfer rate and respiratory consumption of BN4199.Variety genotype has a decisive effect on the germination rate and germination index of seeds.Seed storage material indicators and respiratory consumption are more related to root number and root activity.

关 键 词：耕作方式 深松 小麦 幼苗生长 贮藏物质转运 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]