中西小说叙述者意图伦理之比较  

A Comparison of the Ethics of Narrator's Intention in Chinese and Western Novels

作　　者：江守义 Jiang Shouyi

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文学院,南京210097

出　　处：《中国文学批评》2024年第1期102-113,M0005,共13页Chinese Journal of Literary Criticism

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中西叙事传统比较研究”(16ZDA195)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国古典小说和西方小说叙述者意图伦理的差异,可以从小说的外在面貌和叙述者的视角选择两个方面来展开。小说的外在面貌包括小说命名和章节编排,叙述者选择的视角主要是全知视角和人物视角。就小说命名看,前者的命名带有较强的伦理说教色彩或补史意图,后者的命名则体现为中性概括或个性化的伦理倾向;就章节编排看,前者一般通过章回体对相关内容进行道德评判,后者往往就内容来随机进行章节编排,少有道德评判;就全知视角看,前者的史官式视角和说书型视角方便叙述者以传统伦理规范来引导叙事,后者的全知视角没有史官式或说书型的限制,方便叙述者表达自己的伦理立场;就人物视角看,与其密切相关的是伦理个性,前者的伦理个性最终折射出社会伦理规范,后者则呈现出伦理个性的不同面貌。The difference between the ethics of narrator's intention in Chinese classical novels and Western novels can be carried out in terms of the novel's external appearance and the narrator's choice of perspective.The novel's external appearance includes the naming of the novel and chapter layout,and the perspectives chosen by narrators are mainly omniscient perspective and character perspective.From the perspective of the characters,what is closely related to them is their ethical personalities,the former of which ultimately reflects the ethical norms of the society,and the latter of which presents different faces of ethical personalities.

关 键 词：叙述者 意图伦理 古典小说 西方小说 

分 类 号：I106.4-03[文学—世界文学]