畜禽粪便好氧堆肥过程中抗生素的消减规律  

Antibiotics elimination in livestock manure during composting

作　　者：周贤 王建[1] 韩进 徐鹏程 凌婉婷[1] ZHOU Xian;WANG Jian;HAN Jin;XU Peng-cheng;LING Wan-ting(Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Jiangsu Environmental Protection Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学,土壤有机污染控制与修复研究所,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省环境工程技术有限公司,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第3期1613-1621,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42177016);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2022849)。

摘　　要：本文以牛粪、鸡粪、猪粪为对象,采用开放式堆肥方式,通过API5000三重四极杆质谱仪(最低检出限为0.5~1.0μg/L),考察了初始含水率及堆肥翻堆频率对好氧堆肥过程中抗生素消减的影响.结果表明,3种粪便中均存在磺胺类、氟喹诺酮类和四环素类抗生素残留.其中,这3类抗生素残留含量分别为1.37~72.43,26.26~37.1和24.48~34.81μg/kg.随着堆肥时间延长,粪便中抗生素残留量均呈下降趋势.经过32d堆肥处理,在一定初始含水率(55.87%~68.11%)和翻堆频率(不翻堆和2次/d)下,鸡粪、猪粪、牛粪的总抗生素去除率为78.09%~92.01%.改变堆肥初始含水率和翻堆频率可显著影响畜禽粪便中抗生素的消减速率.当堆肥初始含水率为68.11%,采用1次/2d的翻堆频率时,畜禽粪便中抗生素去除率高达100%.因此,可通过合理设计堆肥处理条件提高粪便中抗生素的去除效率,实现畜禽粪便资源化与无害化利用.In this study,cow manure,chicken manure,and swine manure were selected to investigate the effect of initial moisture content and frequency of composting on antibiotic reduction in aerobic composting,and optimized conditions for aerobic composting by using API 5000triple quadrupole mass spectrometer(minimum detection limit 0.5~1.0μg/L).The results showed that sulfonamides,fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines were the main types of antibiotics in manure,with the concentration ranging from 1.37~72.43,26.26~37.1 and 24.48~34.81μg/kg,respectively.Antibiotic residues in manure gradually decreased with composting time.Under a certain initial moisture content(55.87%~68.11%)and turning frequency(no turning or twice a day),the total antibiotic removal rate in the manure reached 78.09%~92.01%after 32 days of composting.Changes in the initial moisture content and turning frequency could significantly affect the rate of antibiotic reduction in livestock manure.The antibiotic removal rate could be up to 100%when the compost had an initial water content of 68.11%and the compost was turned frequently.Therefore,the rational optimization of composting treatment techniques could be advantageous for the effective elimination of antibiotics from manure as well as for achieving resource efficient and harmless treatment of manure.

关 键 词：畜禽粪便 好氧堆肥 抗生素 含水率 翻堆频率 消减 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]