深部矿山不同埋藏深度岩石拉压力学特性试验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON TENSILE AND COMPRESSIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCKS FROM DIFFERENT DEPTHS AT A DEEP MINE

作　　者：李地元[1] 罗平框 朱志根[2] 方旭刚 周奥辉 何啸 马金银 LI Diyuan;LUO Pingkuang;ZHU Zhigen;FANG Xugang;ZHOU Aohui;HE Xiao;MA Jinyin(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;CINF Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410019,China;Yunnan Chihong Zinc&Germanium Co.,Ltd.,Huize 654200,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学,资源与安全工程学院,长沙410083 [2]长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司,长沙410019 [3]云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司,会泽矿业分公司,会泽654200

出　　处：《工程地质学报》2024年第1期86-95,共10页Journal of Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(资助号:52074349)。

摘　　要：岩石的物理力学特性随埋藏深度增大会发生变化。本文以云南某矿山900~1200 m深度范围内4个不同埋藏深度的矿体上下盘围岩(灰质白云岩)为研究对象,开展了不同含水条件下(自然状态和饱水状态)的单轴压缩和巴西劈裂试验,探明深部岩石力学基本物理力学特性随埋深的变化规律。研究结果表明:在研究的深度范围内,岩石基本物理成分组成及结构相似,随着岩石埋藏深度的增加,岩石试样的密度、纵波波速、单轴抗压强度、抗拉强度和弹性模量等均略微增大,而泊松比呈先增大后减小的趋势。含水条件对岩石的力学特性影响显著,不同埋藏深度的岩石试样进行饱水处理后其抗压强度、抗拉强度和弹性模量均明显减小,泊松比显著增大,其中岩石单轴抗压强度对水的敏感性高于其他参数对水的敏感性,各参数对水的敏感性排序为:抗压强度>弹性模量>泊松比>抗拉强度。本研究很好地揭示了深部矿山不同埋藏深度围岩的拉压力学特性变化规律。The physical and mechanical properties of rocks undergo changes with burial depth.To explore the influence of different burial depths on these properties,surrounding rock cores from both the hanging wall and footwall were drilled at a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan,spanning four depths(ranging from 900 to 1200￣￣m).Uniaxial compression and Brazilian splitting tests were conducted under varying water content conditions(natural state and saturated state).The results indicate that the rock material composition and structure remain similar within the studied depth range.As the rock burial depth increases,the density,p-wave velocity,uniaxial compressive strength,tensile strength,and elastic modulus of rock samples show a slight increase,while Poisson s ratio initially increases and then decreases.The water content conditions of the samples significantly impact their mechanical properties.After water saturation treatment,the compressive strength,tensile strength,and elastic modulus of samples at different burial depths are notably reduced,and Poisson s ratio experiences a marked increase.The order of water sensitivity for each parameter is compressive strength>elastic modulus>Poisson s ratio>tensile strength.This study provides a clear explanation for the variation in tensile and compressive mechanical properties of surrounding rock at different burial depths in deep mines.

关 键 词：深部开采 深部岩石力学 工程地质 含水率 

分 类 号：TD315[矿业工程—矿井建设]