全球稀土贸易格局演化及竞合关系研究  

Research on the Evolution of Global Rare Earth Trade Network Pattern and the Relationship Between Competition and Cooperation

作　　者：叶前林 马继越 YE Qianlin;MA Jiyue(Institute of Nonferrous Metals Industry Development,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou341000,Jiangxi,China;School of Business,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Nanchang 330013,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学有色金属产业发展研究院,江西赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学商学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《黄金科学技术》2024年第1期144-159,共16页Gold Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“双循环视阈下我国稀土产业价值链重构与路径选择研究”(编号:23BGL218)资助。

摘　　要：稀土是各国战略性新兴产业发展的关键原材料,厘清全球稀土贸易演变格局及竞合特征,对抢占未来产业发展的制高点具有重要战略意义。基于稀土全产业链视角,选取1999—2022年7种稀土产品的贸易数据,运用复杂网络分析法剖析全球稀土贸易网络的聚集性、中心性及社区结构特征,并引入竞争强度指数和相互依存指数探究稀土贸易中的竞合关系。研究表明:全球稀土贸易规模持续扩大,贸易网络空间覆盖面更广、联通性和可达性逐渐增强,具有典型的“小世界”网络特征。在稀土贸易网络中,少数国家占据大部分贸易联系的趋势愈发明显,节点之间的贸易资源差异悬殊。稀土贸易中的社区分化明显,但各社区内部成员构成不稳定。从竞合关系来看,稀土贸易的平均竞争强度出现小幅周期性变化,竞争关系主要体现在稀土贸易体量较大的国家(地区)之间,其相互依存关系趋于低度化,贸易伙伴多元化趋势明显。整体上,中国与其他稀土贸易参与国(地区)之间的竞合关系呈“高竞争性、低依存性”特征。Rare earth is a key raw material for the development of strategic emerging industries in major countries.Clarifying the evolution pattern and competitive characteristics of global rare earth trade is of great strategic significance for seizing the commanding heights of future industrial development.Based on the perspective of the whole rare earth industry chain,the trade data of seven rare earth products from 1999 to 2022 were selected,and the clustering,centrality and community structure characteristics of the global rare earth trade network were analyzed by complex network analysis method.Competition intensity index and interdependence index were introduced to explore the competition and cooperation relationship in rare earth trade.The research shows that the scale of global rare earth trade continues to expand,the trade network space coverage is wider,connectivity and accessibility are gradually enhanced,with typical“small world”network characteristics.In the rare earth trade,the trend of a few countries occupying most of the trade links is becoming more and more obvious,and the difference in trade resources between nodes is very large.In addition,the rare earth trade is significantly divided into communities,but the composition of members within each community is unstable.From the perspective of competition and cooperation,the average competition intensity of rare earth trade has a small cyclical change,and the competition relationship is mainly reflected in the countries(regions)with a large volume of rare earth trade,and the interdependence tends to be low,and the trend of diversification of trade partners is obvious.On the whole,the competition and cooperation relationship between China and other rare earth trade participating countries(regions)is characterized by“high competitiveness and low dependency”.

关 键 词：稀土贸易格局 复杂网络分析法 竞合关系 稀土产品 依存关系 战略性新兴产业 

分 类 号：F742[经济管理—国际贸易]