高深溜井矿石阶段性流动规律对溜井生产的影响  

Influence of Ore Stage Flow Law of High-deep Chute on Chute Production

作　　者：吕向东[1] 李醒 LV Xiangdong;LI Xing(Technology Center of Jiuquan Iron and Steel(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Jiayuguan 735100,Gansu,China;The Engineering Design Academy of Chang’an University Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司技术中心,甘肃嘉峪关735100 [2]西安长安大学工程设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《黄金科学技术》2024年第1期179-190,共12页Gold Science and Technology

摘　　要：基于对高深溜井生产实践的长期观察,归纳总结出矿石在高深溜井中的流动规律,提出垂直全断面阶段性流动是高深溜井区别于短溜井特有的工程现象。运用散体材料结构自组织力链和搭拱效应理论,分析了井筒内矿石阶段性流动产生的原因,揭示了高深溜井矿石阶段性流动对溜井生产过程中常见的滞流、堵塞、磨损和片帮现象以及溜井内矿石的混合和分级的影响;分析了溜井内空气气流对散体流动的影响,在正常放矿过程中,流动气体的存在有利于矿石流动和临时平衡拱的破坏;同时,由于受气体的曳力作用,溜井内矿石产生块、粉分级集中现象,助推了井筒内矿石的滞流和堵塞。研究提出矿石的粒级成分、密度、含水量、黏结性及溜井直径、井壁粗糙程度是造成溜井滞流和堵塞的基础因素,垂直全断面阶段性矿石流动特性是造成高深溜井滞流和堵塞的重要原因。Chute is a common form of deposit development.With the increasing exploitation of alpine and deep resources,high-deep chutes are widely used because of its advantages of simple development methods,convenient transportation and low operating costs.Based on the long-term observation of the production practice of single-segment vertical high-deep chutes,we summarized the flow law of ore in high-deep chute,and put forward that the vertical full-section stage flow is a unique engineering phenomenon of high-deep chute which is different from short chute.Through analysis and research,it is found that there are limitations in the study of ore flow law in high-deep chute by numerical simulation and laboratory model test.Therefore,we adopted the research method of‘practical understanding+theoretical analysis’,and based on the research carried out by Sun Qicheng et al.of Tsinghua University,the cutting-edge results of the theory of riding chain and arching effect was used to explain the arching mechanism of ore granular in the chute.At the same time,combined with the analysis of gas-solid two-phase flow in the wellbore,the ore flow law of high-deep chute was studied.The causes of the staged flow characteristics of high-deep chute were analyzed,and the influence of the staged flow of high-deep chute on the common stagnation,blockage,wear and spalling phenomena in the production process of chute and the mixing and classification of ore in the chute was revealed.The influence of air flow in the chute on the granular flow was analyzed.On the one hand,the existence of flowing gas in the normal ore drawing process is beneficial to the ore flow and the destruction of the temporary balance arch.On the other hand,the drag force of gas produces the phenomenon of block and powder classification concentration,which promotes the stagnation and blockage of ore in the wellbore.It is proposed that the grain composition,density,water content,cohesiveness of the ore,the diameter of the chute and the roughness of the shaft wall are the ba

关 键 词：高深溜井 散体材料 力链 搭拱效应 阶段流 井筒堵塞 

分 类 号：TD85[矿业工程—金属矿开采]