基于照明分析和偏移成像实验的主动震源探测系统设计——以朱溪矿区为例  

Design of an active-source seismic detection system based on illumination analysis and migration imaging experiments:considering the Zhuxi mining area as an example

作　　者：李稳 陈颙[1] 徐善辉 胡久鹏 刘保金 欧阳永棚[4] 何银娟 谭雅丽[2] 花鑫升[2] 秦晶晶[2] 李倩[2] 贾佳 Li Wen;Chen Yong;Xu Shan-Hui;Hu Jiu-Peng;Liu Bao-Jin;Ouyang Yong-Peng;He Yin-Juan;Tan Ya-Li;Hua Xin-Sheng;Qin Jing-Jing;Li Qian;Jia Jia(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008,China;Geophysical Exploration Center,China Earthquake Administration,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Key laboratory of Seismic Observation and Geophysical Imaging,Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100081,China;The Tenth Geological Brigade of Jiangxi Geological Bureau,Yingtan 335000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210023 [2]中国地震局地球物理勘探中心,河南郑州450002 [3]中国地震局地球物理研究所地震观测与地球物理成像重点实验室,北京100081 [4]江西省地质局第十地质大队,江西鹰潭335000

出　　处：《Applied Geophysics》2024年第1期93-107,204,205,共17页应用地球物理（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62175100 and 41790463);the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2018YFC1503200);the Spark Program of Earthquake Sciences of CEA (No.XH22015A);the Special Fund of the Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration (No.DQJB19B25)。

摘　　要：为了探讨利用绿色环保的非炸药主动震源技术勘查我国西部、南部复杂山地深部矿产资源的可行性,并提出可行的探测方案,以景德镇朱溪矿区为例开展了基于照明分析和叠前深度域偏移成像实验的主动源地震探测系统设计研究。在现场踏勘和充分收集地质、钻探成果的基础上,根据矿区42号线钻孔联合剖面和相应的岩石物性测量成果建立了地球物理模型。由于后续地震数据采集工作主要利用单分量纵波检波器开展,在地震波的数值模拟方面选用了粘声波方程;工区崎岖地表所带来的不规则自由表面问题则通过Acoustic-Elastic boundary Approach(AEA)方案解决。进行了震源-检波器组双向照明分析,以及高信噪比(20db)和低信噪比(6db)两种情况下的地震波叠前深度域逆时偏移成像实验。研究结果表明,通过合理布设较为密集的主动震源激发-接收系统,采用环境友好的非炸药主动震源技术可以查明目标区地下主要地层,和断层、逆掩推覆体等主要控矿构造的空间展布。后续实际的地震数据采集工作在本次研究的基础上开展,取得的朱溪矿区第一手非炸药震源绿色勘查成像剖面证明了本次研究所提出的探测方案是可行的和有效的。通过不断完善技术体系,非炸药主动震源技术有望为我国深部矿产资源勘探、隐伏断裂勘查、城市地下空间探测等研究领域提供一种环保、高效的技术手段。本次研究所采用的基于照明分析和偏移成像实验的复杂山地主动震源探测系统设计、论证方法值得进一步研究和推广。The purpose of this paper is to discuss the feasibility of utilizing the non-explosive source green seismic exploration technology to detect mineral resources in the deep of complex mountainous areas of western and southern China as well as to provide a feasible detection scheme.Based on seismic illumination analysis and prestack depth-domain migration experiments,a viable active-source seismic detection system was designed for the Zhuxi mining area of Jingdezhen.Geophysical models were established according to the combined drilling profile of L42 and the corresponding petrophysical measurements of rocks based on geological findings,drilling results,and site investigations.Since the single-component p-wave seismometers would be primarily utilized for the subsequent seismic data acquisition,the viscous-acoustic wave equation was selected to simulate the propagation of the seismic wave.Meanwhile,the acoustic-elastic boundary approach(AEA)was used to solve the irregular free-surface problem caused by the rugged Earth’s surface.Seismic source-receivers bidirectional illumination analysis and prestack depth-domain reverse time migration experiments were performed on simulated seismic data with 20 dB high SNR(signal-to-noise ratio)and 6 dB low SNR,respectively.The results of this study showed that by adopting a dense exciting-receiving seismic detection system,the eco-friendly non-explosive seismic source technology could reveal the spatial distribution of the main strata underneath the target area and the ore-controlling structures like faults and overthrust nappes.Based on this study,the next step of seismic data acquisition was implemented.The first-hand non-explosive source seismic profiles of the Zhuxi mining area demonstrated that the detection scheme designed was feasible and effective.By constantly improving the technical system,the eco-friendly non-explosive active-source technology would provide a safe and efficient approach,which could be used in the research fields of deep mineral resource prospection,bur

关 键 词：主动震源技术 地震探测系统 朱溪矿区 照明分析 偏移成像 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]