北大汉简“开闭”“下服之筴”解——兼释马王堆帛书《五星占》“夹”字辞例  

Interpretation of Kai Bi and Xia Fu Zhi Ce in the Peking University Han Dynasty Bamboo Manuscripts With an Interpretation of Phrases Containing“Jia'in the Mawangdui Wuxingzhan Silk Manuscript

作　　者：陈哲 Chen Zhe

机构地区：[1]中山大学中文系 [2]“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”协同攻关创新平台

出　　处：《出土文献》2024年第1期80-88,172,共10页Excavated Documents

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“上古汉语字词关系史研究”(22&ZD300)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：北大汉简中,《苍颉篇》“开闭门闾”的上下文为建筑及道路类名词并列,“开闭”可读为指门闩的名词组合“楗闭”;《反淫》“下服之筴”对应枚乘《七发》和司马相如《子虚赋》中的“夏服之劲箭”,“筴”是“策”的异体,“筴(策)”与“箭”有音近相通的可能。马王堆帛书《五星占》47行论述金星在三种高度各有光芒尖锐如利器的异象及其与战争的关联,可与传世汉代谶纬、星占学说合观,句中“夹”字可视为“朿”之异体而读“刺”,“闬”字可读为天体高度单位“竿”,“参”字可读为武器名“欃”。The phrase kai bi men lü开闭门闾in the Peking University Han dynasty Cangjiepian苍颉篇manuscript is surrounded by parallel lists of architectural and road nouns.Kai bi开闭can be read as jian bi楗闭which means latch.The phrase xia fu zhi ce下服之筴in the Fanyin反淫manuscript corresponds to xia fu zhi jing jian夏服之劲箭in Mei Cheng枚乘s Qifa七发and Sima Xiangru司马相如s Zixufu子虚赋,in which the graph ce筴is a variant of ce策which could be interchangeable with jian箭.Based on chenwei谶纬and astrological texts relating the prominent glare of Venus to sharp weapons and the link to war and other irregularities,the graph jia夹in the 47 th line of the Mawangdui马王堆Wuxingzhan五星占silk manuscript should be a variant form of the graph ci朿and read as ci刺.The graph han闬should be read as a unit for the height of celestial bodies gan竿,finally can参can be read as the weapon name chan欃.

关 键 词：北大汉简 苍颉篇 反淫 马王堆帛书 五星占 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] H13[历史地理—历史学]