木醋液对大白菜根肿病的防治效果  

Control Effect of Chinese Cabbage Clubroot by Wood Vinegar

作　　者：付克剑 周洪印 张乃明[1] 张继来 邓毅书[2] 黄家奎 冯育行 苏友波[1] FU Kejian;ZHOU Hongyin;ZHANG Naiming;ZHANG Jilai;DENG Yishu;HANG Jiakui;FENG Yuxing;SU Youbo(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China;College of Architectural Engineering,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China;College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学建筑工程学院,云南昆明650201 [3]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第3期75-83,共9页China Vegetables

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202002AE320005),云南农业大学科研启动基金项目(KY2019-21)。

摘　　要：以寒玉快菜为试材,采用盆栽方式,研究不同浓度木醋液(稀释600、400、200倍)对大白菜根肿病的防治效果;同时采用Hochest33342-PI双荧光复染法,测定不同浓度木醋液处理下芸薹根肿菌孢子活性,并分析木醋液主要抑菌成分。结果表明:3种浓度木醋液处理均可显著提高大白菜的株高和地上部鲜质量;并显著降低根肿病的发病率和病情指数,且随着木醋液浓度的增加根肿病的发病率和病情指数呈显著下降趋势,其中稀释200倍的木醋液处理的根肿病发病率仅为14.42%,防治效果达到68.72%。木醋液可使芸薹根肿菌孢子失活,稀释200倍的木醋液处理的孢子存活率仅为24.03%。采用GC-MS技术初步测定出供试木醋液含有24种成分,其中有17种成分对芸薹根肿菌孢子具有一定抑制作用,以俞创木酚抑制效果最好,EC50值为113.01μg·mL^(-1)。综上,本试验条件下,稀释200倍的木醋液用于大白菜根肿病防治效果最佳。Using Chinese cabbage〔Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis(Lour)Olsson〕‘Hanyukuaicai’as the test material and employing the potted planting method,this study investigated the efficacy of different concentrations of wood vinegar solution(diluted 600,400,and 200 times)in controlling clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae.The Hochest33342-PI dual fluorescence staining method was employed to determine the spore viability of Plasmodiophora brassicae under different concentrations of wood vinegar treatment.Additionally,the main antimicrobial components of wood vinegar were analyzed.The results showed that all three concentrations of wood vinegar treatment significantly increased the plant height and aboveground fresh weight of Chinese cabbage.They also significantly reduced the incidence and disease index of clubroot disease,with a significant decreasing trend observed with increasing wood vinegar concentration.Specifically,the incidence of clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage treated with wood vinegar diluted 200 times was only 14.42%,achieving a control efficiency of 68.72%.Wood vinegar could deactivate the spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae,with a spore survival rate of only 24.03%under treatment with wood vinegar diluted 200 times.Using GC-MS technology,24 components were preliminarily determined to be present in the wood vinegar tested,among which 17 components exhibited certain inhibitory effects on Plasmodiophora brassicae spores.Among them,the inhibitory effect of shu-chuang-mu-phenol was the strongest,with an EC50 of 113.01μg·mL^(-1).In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,wood vinegar diluted 200 times was found to be the most effective for controlling clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage.

关 键 词：大白菜 根肿病 云薹根肿菌 木醋液 生物防治 

分 类 号：S436.341.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]