商事登记改革与保护规范理论——对“王某琳案”的分析  

Commercial Registration Reform and the Theory of Protective Norms:Comments on the Case of Wang

作　　者：余凌云[1] Yu Lingyun

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《财经法学》2024年第2期68-83,共16页Law and Economy

基　　金：清华大学教材建设定向支持项目“本科优秀教材建设”资助。

摘　　要：准确判断利害关系的有无,是判定有无行政复议、行政诉讼资格的关键。我国商事登记由计划经济下的特许和核准主义转变为市场经济下的准则主义,行政行为的性质也由许可类登记转变为确认类登记。判断一个人是否具有复议申请人资格,与登记行为是否有利害关系,可以采用保护规范理论作为基本分析工具,而对有关规范的解释又必须结合商事登记改革。保护规范理论在一定程度上缓解了司法上判断“利害关系”的主观化,寻求到了较为客观的法规范依据。不可放大保护规范理论作用,更不能对我国已有判断标准妄自菲薄。去除主观公权利,保留对第三人有无利益保护的规范分析方法,可能更容易为我国行政法理论与实践所接受。Accurately determining the presence or absence of interest is crucial for judging the plaintiff qualification of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation.In China,commercial registration has transformed from the franchise and verification model under a planned economy to the registration model under the market economy,and the nature of administrative actions has also shifted from licensing registration to confirmatory registration.The theory of protective norms can be used as a basic analytical tool to determine whether Wang has the qualification of an applicant for administrative reconsideration and whether Wang has interests in the registration action.Meanwhile,interpreting these norms must be in conjunction with commercial registration reform.The theory of protective norms theory has,to some extent,alleviated the subjectivity in judicial assessments of interest relationships aiming for a more objective legal normative basis.The importance of the protective norm theory should not be overstated,nor should China's criteria for judgment in place be undervalued.Eliminating subjective public rights and maintaining normative analysis methods for protecting the third parties' interests might be more readily accepted in the theory and practice of China' s administrative law.

关 键 词：商事登记 保护规范理论 利害关系 申请人资格 原告资格 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]