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作 者:杨娜 黄玮 王玉琦 刘涛 张爽[1] 罗俊 刘若絮 欧梅桂[1,2] YANG Na;HUANG Wei;WANG Yuqi;LIU Tao;ZHANG Shuang;LUO Jun;LIU Ruoxu;OU Meigui(College of Materials and Metallurgy,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;National and Local Joint Laboratory of High-performance Metal Structural Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Guiyang 550025,China)
机构地区:[1]贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]高性能金属结构材料与制造技术国家地方联合实验室,贵州贵阳550025
出 处:《铜业工程》2024年第1期67-80,共14页Copper Engineering
基 金:贵州省科技厅科技计划项目(黔科合成果[2022]一般031;黔科合支撑项目[2023]一般267;黔科合支撑项目[2019]2165号)资助。
摘 要:高性能铜及铜合金由于其高导电性、高导热性、高强度、高耐蚀及可镀性、易加工性等系列优良特性而成为多个领域开发中必不可少的材料。研究发现,梯度结构的存在可有效提高铜及铜合金的强度,同时保持原有的塑性。区别于传统铜及其合金,表面细晶到心部粗晶的逐渐过渡及位错缺陷等的相互作用使梯度结构铜表现出更好的强塑性协同效应,正是这种异质性促使材料性能进一步提升。然而,基于梯度结构材料的异质性,传统铜及其合金的变形机制、制备技术及仿真模拟等并不适用于梯度结构铜及其合金,这使得梯度结构铜及其合金的实际生产应用受到极大限制。鉴于此,本文从梯度结构的制备工艺其性能改善方面综述了现有梯度结构铜及其合金的研究进展,梳理了诸多领域内梯度结构铜及铜合金材料的发展及现状,并分析了梯度结构铜合金材料的研究趋势与应用需求。High-performance copper and copper alloys are indispensable materials for the development of various fields due to their excellent characteristics such as high electrical conductivity,high thermal conductivity,high strength,high corrosion resistance,platability and ease of processing.It's found that the existence of gradient structure can effectively improve the strength of copper and its alloys while maintaining the original plasticity.Different from traditional copper and its alloys,the gradual transition from fine grains on the surface to coarse grains in the core and the interaction of dislocation defects make gradient structure copper exhibit better strong plastic synergistic effect,and it is this heterogeneity that promotes the further improvement of material properties.However,based on the heterogeneity of gradient structure materials,the deformation mechanism,preparation technology and simulation of traditional copper and its alloys are not suitable for gradient structure copper and its alloys,which greatly limits the practical production and application of gradient structure copper and its alloys.In view of this,we summarize the research progress of the existing gradient structure copper and its alloys from the aspects of the preparation process of gradient structure and the performance improvement brought by gradient structure,sort out the development and current status of gradient structure copper and copper alloy materials in many fields,and analyze the research trend and application requirements of gradient structure copper alloy materials.
分 类 号:TG146.11[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]
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