珠江源区植被变化特征及其影响因素研究  

Dynamic characteristics and attribution of vegetation in source region of Pearl River

作　　者：丁文荣[1] 李孝川[2] 陈相标 DING Wenrong;LI Xiaochuan;CHEN Xiangbiao(Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Faculty of Education,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,云南昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学教育学部,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《人民长江》2024年第3期83-88,96,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42361009,41761105)。

摘　　要：江河源区以其特殊的地理位置在国家生态环境的保护和建设中具有举足轻重的作用和地位。利用非季风期Landsat TM、ETM和OLI_TIRS卫星影像,结合Sen′s斜率、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、偏相关分析和GIS空间技术等,研究了1987年以来珠江源区植被变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:①1987年以来,珠江源区非季风期植被NDVI指数多年平均值为0.19,年际NDVI波动较大但没有明显的长期趋势,年代际植被NDVI大致经历了高-低-高-低的动态过程;②不同坡度植被覆盖的差异不明显,[8°~15°)坡度范围内植被覆盖最高,而坡度在35°以上的区域则覆盖度最低,两者NDVI分别为0.22和0.16;③源区植被覆盖空间差异较大,大坡-菱角-热水-西泽一线是植被覆盖的分界线,此线西侧植被NDVI均值为0.32,而东侧仅为0.15;④源区气温总体呈波动上升趋势,变化速率为0.51℃/10 a,而降水量呈减少趋势,速率为-4.70 mm/10 a,植被NDVI波动受降水量的影响较气温更为明显;⑤自然保护区建设、“珠治”工程、退耕还林还草工程等的启动实施,改善了区域生态环境,促进了植被扩展、保护。With its special geographical location,the source regions of rivers play an important role in the protection and construction of national ecological environment.In this study,we used the Landsat TM,ETM and OLI_TIRS satellite images in non-monsoon season,combined with Sen′s slope,Mann-Kendall trend test,partial correlation analysis and GIS space technology to study the characteristics of vegetation change and its influencing factors in the source region of the Pearl River since 1987.The results showed that:①Since 1987,the annual average NDVI index of the non-monsoon season vegetation in the source region has been 0.19,and the inter-annual NDVI has fluctuated greatly,but there is no obvious long-term trend.The interdecadal NDVI of vegetation has roughly experienced a high-low-high-low dynamic process.②The difference of vegetation coverage in different slopes is not obvious.The vegetation coverage is the highest in the range of[8°~15°),while the coverage is the lowest in the area of more than 35°,with NDVI of 0.22 and 0.16 respectively.③The spatial difference of vegetation coverage is large.The line of Dapo-Lingjiao-Reshui-Xize is a dividing line of vegetation coverage in the source area.The average NDVI of vegetation in the west of this line is 0.32,while that in the east is only 0.15.④The overall temperature shows a fluctuating upward trend,with a change rate of 0.51℃/10 a,while the precipitation shows a decreasing trend,with a rate of-4.70 mm/10 a.The impact of precipitation on vegetation NDVI is more obvious than that of temperature.⑤The construction of natural reserves,the"Pearl River Reserve"program and the project of returning farmland to forest and grassland have improved the regional ecological environment and effectively protected the vegetation.The research results can provide scientific basis for the protection and governance of the source area of the Pearl River.

关 键 词：植被动态 气候变化 人类活动 NDVI 珠江源区 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]