黑尾近红鲌消化系统的形态与组织学结构研究  

Morphological and histological observation of the digestive system in Ancherythroculter Nigrocauda

作　　者：董立学 蒋明[1] 陆星[1] 吉哲慧 魏辉杰 李清 孙艳红 陈见 李佩 李明光 王贵英 DONG Lixue;JIANG Ming;LU Xing;JI Zhehui;WEI Huijie;Li Qing;SUN Yanhong;CHEN Jian;LI Pei;Li Mingguang;WANG Guiying(Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China;Fisheries Research Institute,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430207,China;Wuhan Xianfeng Aquaculture Technology Co.Ltd,Wuhan 430207,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223 [2]武汉市农业科学院水产研究所,武汉430207 [3]武汉先锋水产科技有限公司,武汉430207

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2024年第2期67-74,共8页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：湖北省技术创新专项(2018ABA105);“科技助力经济2020”重点专项(2020)。

摘　　要：为了解黑尾近红鲌(Ancherythroculter nigrocauda)消化系统的形态结构特点,采用生物学测量、苏木精-伊红染色(HE)组织学观察和扫描电镜等方法对31尾黑尾近红鲌[平均体重(115.71±24.12)g]消化系统各部分形态学特征进行了系统研究。结果显示:(1)黑尾近红鲌口亚上位,口裂宽/吻长、口裂高/吻长分别为1.68±0.16、1.46±0.12;消化道由口咽腔、食道和肠组成,肠道盘曲简单,以折点为界可将肠道分为前、中、后三段;(2)黑尾近红鲌肝脏指数为0.51±0.31,肠道系数为0.93±0.23,胰腺组织在肝脏中呈弥散性分布;(3)食道与前肠、中肠、后肠褶皱数量均差异显著,粘液细胞密度差异不显著;前肠管腔直径、褶皱高度和肌层厚度均显著高于后肠;(4)肠内面突起的皱褶发达,前肠和后肠分泌孔小而密集,微绒毛短而粗;中肠分泌孔大而多,微绒毛长而密,排列整齐。以上结果表明,黑尾近红鲌的消化道形态学和组织学结构符合其肉食性兼具杂食性的特征。The investigation of the morphological characteristics of the fish digestive tract plays a pivotal role in comprehending and exploring the physiological mechanisms underlying digestion and absorption,thereby providing a solid theoretical foundation for advancing research on fish nutrition and aquaculture.The biological measurement,paraffin section,and electron microscopy scanning were employed to observation the digestive system of A.Nigrocauda with the average weight(115.71±24.12)g to investigate the morphological and histological characteristics of the digestive system in Ancherythroculter nigrocauda,.The results showed that A.Nigrocauda had upper position mouse,with the ratio of oral fissure length to snout width was(1.68±0.16),the ratio of oral fissure length to snout height was(1.46±0.12),and the digestive tract is composed of the oropharyngeal cavity,esophagus,and intestine.The intestine was simple in curvature and could be divided into three segments:anterior,middle,and posterior.The liver index was(0.51±0.31)%,and the intestinal coefficient was(0.93±0.23).Pancreatic tissue was distributed dispersedly in the liver.The esophagus and intestines were composed of a mucosal layer,submucosa,muscle layer and serous membrane.There was a significant difference in the number of folds between the esophagus and the foregut,midgut,and hindgut,but there was no significant difference in the density of mucous cells.The diameter,fold height,and muscular thickness of the anterior intestinal lumen were significantly higher than those in the hindgut.A.Nigrocauda had well-developed folds on the inner surface of the intestine,small and dense secretory pores in the anterior and posterior intestines,and short and coarse microvilli.The secretory pores of the midgut are large and numerous,and the microvilli are long and dense and arranged neatly.In conclusion,the foregut of A.Nigrocauda exhibits a substantial lumen diameter,a considerable muscular layer thickness,and an extensive presence of folds.These findings strongly sugge

关 键 词：黑尾近红鲌(Ancherythroculter nigrocauda) 消化系统 形态学 组织学 

分 类 号：S965.9[农业科学—水产养殖]