二战后伦敦金融城与欧洲美元市场  

The City of London and the Eurodollar Market After World WarⅡ

作　　者：宋晨 SONG Chen

机构地区：[1]山西大学历史文化学院,太原030006

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2024年第1期70-82,127,共14页Economic and Social History Review

基　　金：2023年山西省高校教改创新项目(J20230082)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：20世纪50年代后期,以伦敦金融城为中心的欧洲美元市场逐步形成。这是二战后世界上第一个离岸金融市场。伦敦金融城之所以占据主导地位是多重因素相互作用促成的,其中英美特殊关系和伦敦的历史条件是基础,国际形势的变化是重要的外因,经过英国当局与伦敦金融精英的努力,以伦敦金融城为核心的欧洲美元市场对国际金融发展产生了重要影响,也使伦敦金融城开启了国际化转型之路,重振了伦敦金融城的国际金融中心地位,欧洲美元取代英镑成为伦敦金融城主要的国际储备货币,巩固并加强了美元霸权,加快了英美金融一体化的进程,推动了布雷顿森林体系的瓦解和全球金融的自由化。In the late 1950s,the Eurodollar market centered around the City of London gradually formed.This was the world’s first offshore financial market after WWII.The dominant position of the City was due to the interaction of multiple factors,among which the special relationship of Anglo-American and the historical conditions of London were the foundation,and the changes in the international situation were important external factors.Through the efforts of the British authorities and London’s financial elites,the Eurodollar market centered around the City had a significant impact on international financial development,and also enabled the City to embark on the path of international transformation,revitalizing its position as an international financial center.The Eurodollar replaced the Sterling as the main international reserve currency of the City,consolidating and strengthening the hegemony of the US dollar,accelerating the process of Anglo-American financial integration,promoting the collapse of the Bretton Woods system and the liberalization of global financial.

关 键 词：伦敦金融城 欧洲美元市场 英美特殊关系 国际金融 

分 类 号：F821[经济管理—财政学] F835.61