政治经济学视域中的纸币本位制与“中国货币经济悖论”  

Paper Currency Standard in the Perspective of Political Economy and Paradox Between Chinese Currency and Economy

作　　者：武海宝 WU Hai-bao

机构地区：[1]南京大学马克思主义学院,江苏省南京市210023

出　　处：《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》2024年第1期20-31,162,共13页Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BKS075);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC710064)。

摘　　要：布雷顿森林体系解体后,世界经济体系迈入了纸币本位制时代。货币形式从贵金属货币向纸币的发展具有历史的必然性。在纸币本位制下,纸币不再是黄金价值的符号,而成为直接的商品价值符号。在商品价值和纸币价值这个等式中,纸币表现为一个更加能动的环节,这意味着它可以为国家调节经济运行提供巨大的自主权和能动性,但这种自主权和能动性被世界货币大国和金融大国滥用。这一点突出表现在布雷顿森林体系解体后作为世界货币的美元特权上,即美国可以把任意数量的纸币塞入世界流通领域。在这种美元霸权下,广大发展中国家尤其是中国的经济发展在商品贸易、外资利用、汇率稳定等诸多方面受到美元的制约,人民币的国际化之路仍然任重而道远。With disintegration of the Bretton Woods system,the world economic system has entered the era of paper currency standard.The transition of monetary forms from metal to paper currency is historically inevitable.Within the paper currency standard,paper currency,no longer a symbol of gold value,but of commodity value,is more dynamic than the commodity value,meaning national government can more independently and actively regulate the operation of the economy by utilizing the circulation of paper currency.However,the function of paper currency is almost bound to be abused,especially by monetary and financial powers.This is embodied in the privilege of US dollars as the world currency after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system,that is,the United States can issue paper money into the world circulation system without limit.As a result,the economy in developing countries,especially China,is constrained by the hegemony of US dollars in such aspects as commodity trade,foreign investment,and exchange rate stability.There is still a long way to for the internationalization of RMB.

关 键 词：纸币本位制 金本位 布雷顿森林体系 美元霸权 人民币 

分 类 号：F822[经济管理—财政学]