海洋黏细菌防治甘蔗梢腐病的筛选评价  

Screening and evaluation of marine myxobacteria against sugar⁃cane pokkah boeng

作　　者：官佳松 卢天梅 邹承武[1] 蒙姣荣[1] 马仲辉 苏志维 GUAN Jia-song;LU Tian-mei;ZOU Cheng-wu;MENG Jiao-rong;MA Zhong-hui;SU Zhi-wei(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Institute of Marine Drugs,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs,Nanning,Guangxi 530200,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院/广西甘蔗生物学重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [2]广西中医药大学海洋药物研究院/广西海洋药物重点实验室,广西南宁530200

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2023年第11期3265-3276,共12页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060098);广西甘蔗生物学重点实验室开放课题(GXKLSCB-202004);广西中医药大学海洋药物研究院团队科研专项(2018ZD005-A08);广西中医药大学“桂派杏林青年英才”项目(2022C039)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确来源于广西北部湾的海洋黏细菌对甘蔗梢腐病病原真菌的生物防治潜力,为研发有效防治甘蔗梢腐病的生物农药提供科学依据和物质基础。【方法】以来源于广西北部湾不同海洋生境的12种62株黏细菌为研究对象,以2株广西蔗区甘蔗梢腐病优势病原菌甘蔗镰孢菌(Fusarium sacchari)9DF-3-2和FS-2-1为靶标,通过平板对峙培养法评价黏细菌对甘蔗镰孢菌的拮抗作用,初步筛选出潜力活性菌株;利用透析膜对峙培养法、菌丝裂解法和菌丝生长速率法等从拮抗作用方式、对病原菌菌丝生长的影响等方面评价潜力活性菌株对甘蔗镰孢菌的生物防治潜力。【结果】通过平板对峙培养法从62株黏细菌中发现47株黏细菌对2株甘蔗镰孢菌9DF-3-2和FS-2-1具有明显的抑制作用,其活性菌株率达75.8%,有18株黏细菌对2株甘蔗镰孢菌的抑菌直径大于1.000 cm,其中以叶柄黏球菌(Myxococcusstipitatus)T163和蜂窝囊菌(Melittangiumsp.)T269的抑制作用最强。黏细菌胞外发酵液对甘蔗镰孢菌菌丝裂解试验结果显示,黏细菌T163和T269的胞外发酵液对2株甘蔗镰孢菌的菌丝抑制作用最明显;透析膜平板隔离试验结果显示,黏细菌T269、T163和T071受透析膜隔离后对甘蔗镰孢菌仍具有很好的抑制作用;黏细菌发酵提取物抗菌活性测定结果显示,黏细菌T163和T269的发酵提取物对2株甘蔗镰孢菌均具有较好的抑制作用,其中浓度为100.0μg/mL的T163发酵提取物的抑菌活性最好,其对9DF-3-2和FS-2-1的抑制中浓度(EC50)分别为13.97和84.58μg/mL。【结论】来源于广西北部湾的海洋黏细菌T163和T269对甘蔗梢腐病病原菌甘蔗镰孢菌表现出较好的生物活性,具有开发成绿色生物防治剂的潜力。【Objective】The purpose of the study was to clarify the biological control potential of marine myxobacteria from Beibu Gulf of Guangxi against the pathogenic fungi of sugarcane pokkah boeng,and to provide scientific bases and material foundations for the development of biopesticides for the effective control of sugarcane pokkah boeng.【Method】A total of 62 strains of 12 species of myxobacteria from different marine habitats in Beibu Gulf of Guangxi were used as research objects,and two dominant pathogens of sugarcane pokkah boeng in Guangxi,Fusarium sacchari 9DF-3-2 and FS-2-1,were targeted.The antagonistic effect of myxobacteria on F.sacchari was evaluated by plate confrontation culture method,and the potential active strains were preliminarily screened out.The biological control potential of potential ac‐tive strains against F.sacchari was evaluated by the dialysis membrane confrontation culture method,mycelia lysis method,and mycelia growth rate method from the aspects of antagonistic action mode and effect on mycelia growth of the pathogen.【Result】By plate confrontation culture method,47 strains of myxobacteria from 62 strains of myxobacteria showed obvious inhibition effect on F.sacchari 9DF-3-2 and FS-2-1,with an active strain rate of 75.8%.Eighteen strains of myxobacteria inhibited two strains of F.sacchari with an inhibitory diameter greater than 1.000 cm,among which the strongest inhibition effect was observed in Myxococcus stipitatus T163 and Melittangium sp.T269.The results of myxo‐bacteria extracellular fermentation broth on F.sacchari mycelium lysis test showed that the extracellular fermentation broth of myxobacteria T163 and T269 had the most significant inhibition effect on the mycelium of two F.sacchari strains.The results of dialysis membrane plate isolation test showed that myxobacteria T269,T163 and T071 still had good inhibition effect on F.sacchari after being isolated by dialysis membrane.The antimicrobial activity determination result of the fermentation extracts of myxobacte

关 键 词：海洋黏细菌 甘蔗梢腐病 甘蔗镰孢菌 活性菌株筛选 

分 类 号：S435.661[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]