我国传染病医院职能定位与发展相关政策分析  

Policy analysis on the function orientation and development of infectious disease hospitals in China

作　　者：孟月莉 王坤[1] 杜海平 李艳梅 毛阿燕[1] 李光琳 邱五七[1] Meng Yueli;Wang Kun;Du Haiping;Li Yanmei;Mao Ayan;Li Guanglin;Qiu Wuqi(Institute of Medical Information,Chinese Academy of Medical Science,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100020,China;Chinese Preventive Medicine Association,Beijing 100062,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,北京100020 [2]中华预防医学会,北京100062

出　　处：《中华医院管理杂志》2023年第12期906-911,共6页Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration

基　　金：国家疾病预防控制局综合司委托课题(2022年)。

摘　　要：目的分析我国传染病医院职能定位与发展相关政策工具,以期为促进传染病医院职能落实和可持续发展政策的制定和优化提供参考。方法查阅北大法宝网站和卫生健康相关官方网站,以"医疗机构、传染病、传染病医院、突发公共卫生事件、专科医院"等为关键词,检索1991年12月至2023年1月国家层面发布的传染病医院职能定位与发展相关政策,运用Rothwell和Zegveld的政策工具分类方法,采用Nvivo 11 pro软件从需求型、供给型、环境型政策工具维度对文本内容进行分析。结果共纳入41份政策文件。对文本内容进行分析获得204条编码,其中环境型政策工具和供给型工具使用较多,分别为104条(50.99%)和95条(46.56%),需求型政策工具使用较少,仅有5条(2.45%)。环境型政策工具中,"目标规划"应用最多,为34条(16.67%),"宣传引导"应用较少,仅有4条(1.96%);供给型政策工具中,"明确突发共卫生事件报告和处置服务职能"应用最多,为34条(16.67%),"信息化"和"基础设施建设"应用较少,分别为8条(3.92%)和6条(2.94%);需求型政策工具中,各类工具应用均较少,"政府购买"和"医保支撑"均为2条(0.98%),"社会办医"仅1条(0.49%)。结论传染病医院职能定位与发展的3类政策工具总体分配不均衡,环境型和供给型政策工具使用过溢且内部结构失衡;各项环境型政策工具占比亟须调整,应增加相关标准、规范、激励、监督及宣传等支撑性工具使用频率;供给型政策需进一步优化,特别是人才培养、经费投入及信息化和基础设施建设方面亟须加强;需求型政策工具使用严重不足,有待深度开发。Objective To analyze the policy tools designed for function orientation and development of China's infectious disease hospitals,in order to provide references for formulating and optimizing the functional implementation and sustainable development policies of these hospitals.Methods Consulting the website of Peking University Law and official websites on health,and using such keywords as"medical institutions,infectious diseases,hospitals for infectious diseases,public health emergencies,specialized hospitals",and searching the national policy texts on the functions and development of infectious disease hospitals issued from December 1991 to January 2023.By means of Rothwell and Zegveld's policy tool classification method,Nvivo 11 Pro software was used to analyze the text content from the dimensions of demand-type,supply-type,and environmental-type policy tools.Results A total of 41 policy texts were included and 204 codes were obtained through text analysis.Of all the tools,environmental and supply-oriented policy tools were used the most,being 104(50.99%)and 95(46.56%)respectively,while demand-oriented policy tools were used the least,only 5(2.45%).Of all the environmental-oriented policy tools,"goal planning"was the most used,being 34(16.67%),while"publicity and guidance"was less used,only 4(1.96%).Among the supply-oriented policy tools,"clarifying the reporting and handling service functions of public health emergencies"was the most widely used,being 34(16.67%),while"Informationization"and"infrastructure construction"was less used,being 8(3.92%)and 6(2.94%)respectively.Few of the demand-oriented policy tools were in use,as"government purchase"and"medical insurance support"were both 2(0.98% each),and"social medical care"was only 1(0.49%).Conclusions The distribution of three types of policy tools for function and development of infectious disease hospitals is unbalanced,the use of environmental and supply-oriented policy tools is excessive and internal structure is unbalanced.The proportion of environmental-ori

关 键 词：传染病医院 职能定位与发展 政策工具 政策分析 

分 类 号：R197.5[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]