马克思绝对地租理论与我国农业绝对地租  

Marxian Absolute Land Rent Theory and Chinese Agricultural Absolute Land Rent

作　　者：兰传春 邱蓉 洪功翔 Lan Chuanchun;Qiu Rong;Hong Gongxiang

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学经济学院 [2]贵州财经大学西部现代化研究中心 [3]安徽工业大学商学院

出　　处：《政治经济学研究》2023年第4期6-14,共9页Chinese Journal of Political Economics

基　　金：贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究基地项目“‘三新’视域下贵州农村集体经济培育壮大研究”(23RWJD112)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：我国农业生产关系演变可分为计划经济时期(1949—1978年)、改革开放时期(1979—2012年)和新时代(2013年至今)三个阶段。结果发现,农业绝对地租在我国各个阶段都存在。在计划经济时期,土地改革使拥有土地所有权的农民通过出租土地得到绝对地租,在农业合作化和人民公社时期,绝对地租表现为土地分红和国有企业占用集体土地费用支付。在改革开放时期,统筹提留款和工农业产品比价剪刀差是绝对地租的具体形式。在新时代,农民转让土地经营权获得租金以及工农业产品比价剪刀差也是绝对地租的表现形式。要推动我国农业稳定发展,一方面应构建囊括承包权的绝对地租理论,以推动马克思绝对地租理论中国化时代化;另一方面则应将绝对地租作为调节农产品价值与市场价格的合理杠杆,发挥其提高农业土地使用效率的积极作用。In this paper,Marxian absolute land rent theory was combined with the evolution of China's ag-ricultural production relations to systematically analyze socialist agricultural absolute land rent.For clearer a-nalysis,the evolution of China's agricultural production relations is divided into three stages,which are,the pe-riod of planned economy(1949—1978),the period of reform and opening up(1979—2012)and the new era(2013-present).As a result,it is found that agricultural absolute land rent exists in all stages of our country.In the period of planned economy,the land reform made the farmers who owned the land get absolute rent.A-mong this,in Agricultural Cooperation and People's Communes,absolute land rent was represented by land dividends and the payment of collective land occupied by state-owned enterprises.In the period of reform and o-pening up,the overall withdrawal of funds and the scissors difference between the price of industrial and agri-cultural products were absolute rents.In the new era,the transfer of land management rights by farmers to ob-tain rent as well as the scissors difference between the price of industrial and agricultural products are absolute rent.According to the methodology combining theory and practice,this paper holds that:this paper holds that in order to promote the stable levelopment of Chinese agriculture,on the one hand,we should construct theab-solute land rent theory that includes contracting right,so as to promote the sinicization and modernization of Marxian absolute land rent theory,and the other hand,we should take absolute land rent as a reasonable lever to adjust the value of agricultural products and market price,and play itsositive role in improving the efficiency of agricultural land use.

关 键 词：马克思 绝对地租 土地所有权 承包权 社会主义农业 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学]