《资本论》第一卷唯物史观原理解析——马克思逝世140周年之际历史发生学基本理论探究  

The Basic Theory of Historical Genetics and the Analysis of Das Kapital's Principles of Materialist Conception of History in Volume Ⅰ on the Occasion of the 140^(th) Anniversary of Marx's Death

作　　者：许光伟[1] Xu Guangwei

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《政治经济学研究》2023年第4期109-134,共26页Chinese Journal of Political Economics

基　　金：吉林财经大学全国中国特色社会主义政治经济学研究中心科研项目“《资本论》、工资与现代化:马克思主义方法论研究”(2022WZD010)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《资本论》是科学的阶级学,第一卷以主体原理决定经济的社会形态历史发生学的基本理论。在阶级学语境中,主体的第一重意义是唯物史观主体——历史主体和对象主体,第二重意义是对象思维学的生产主体(劳动过程文明规划)——在历史世界层面即生产一般,第三重意义是政治经济学批判的事范畴——各种生产一般。《商品》由此形成对研究对象工作逻辑的总勾勒。在艺术特色上,第一卷是将“大写的实践”书写为历史科学的革命理论。庸俗学者极力诋毁这一点,哲学家给予解释学的逻辑粉饰。然则“主体即阶级角色”,所适用者矛盾读法,而非知识读法。所谓生产过程的历史主体论:在于以主体落成实体、以结构酝酿事项;一方面是“主体/实体”、一方面是“结构/事”,沿着历史发生的逻辑脉络,我们惊奇地看到了具象化的列队前进的唯物史观术语群落。这些术语与历史须臾不离,由阶级者所理论统一,促成“以概念为语言”向“以范畴为语言”的内在转化。The principle of subjectivity written in Volume I,Das Kapital anchors the basic theory of Historical Genetics of economic social forms.In Marx's context,the first meaning is the subject of materialist conception of historythe historical subject and the object subject,the second meaning is the production sub-ject of object thinkingin historical world,that is,the general production,and the third meaning is the cate-gory of eventsvarious general production.The commodity chapter of Das Kapital is a general outline of the working logic of the research object of subjectivity.In terms of scientific and artistic characteristics,Volume I is to write"practice in capital"'as a revolutionary theory of historical science.Bourgeois vulgar theorists vigorously denigrate this,while philosophers provide logical embellishments to hermeneutics."The subject is the class role"applies the contradictory reading method of historical materialism,rather than the knowledge reading method.The so-called theory of historical subjectivity lies in the formation of entities through the sub-ject and the brewing of events through the structure;On the one hand,it is""subject/entity",and on the other hand,it is"structure/event".Therefore,following the logical sequence of historical occurrence,we are sur-prised to see a concrete group of materialist conception of history terminology advancing in a queue.These the-oretical terminologies are closely related to history and are unified by class subjects,promoting an internal transformation from"using concepts as language"to"using categories as language".

关 键 词：《资本论》 唯物史观 主体 历史发生学 生产一般 商品两仪 再生产 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学]