聚氯乙烯热解动力学及热解产物组成研究  

Study on the Pyrolysis Kinetics and Pyrolysis Products Composition of Polyvinyl Chloride

作　　者：徐敏 雷俊伟 高瑞通 陈照军 孙琦 侯远东 杜辉[1] XU Min;LEI Junwei;GAO Ruitong;CHEN Zhaojun;SUN Qi;HOU Yuandong;DU Hui(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China;PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute,Beijing 102206,China;Key Laboratory of Clean Fuels,PetroChina,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266071 [2]中国石油石油化工研究院,北京102206 [3]中国石油天然气股份有限公司清洁燃料重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2024年第2期462-471,共10页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中国石油科技创新基金项目(2021DQ02-0603);山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2022QE042)资助。

摘　　要：采用热重法对聚氯乙烯(PVC)塑料进行热解实验,研究其热分解特性;采用Friedman法和?kvára-?esták模型计算PVC塑料热解反应的活化能和机理函数;采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)、傅里叶红外变换光谱(FTIR)和X射线衍射光谱(XRD)等手段分别测定热解油、热解气和热解残渣组成。实验结果表明:PVC塑料的热解反应主要分为2个阶段,第一阶段热解发生在250~390℃之间,质量损失约为65%,其平均活化能为152.58 kJ/mol,热解反应机理为二级化学反应;第二阶段热解发生在390~560℃之间,质量损失约为29%,其平均活化能为231.52 kJ/mol,热解反应机理为随机成核和随后生长模型。GC-MS结果表明:PVC塑料的热解油气组成主要包括烷烃、烯烃、含氯有机物和芳烃化合物,热解残渣主要由石墨碳组成。研究结果可为废塑料脱氯和资源化利用提供理论基础参考。Using thermogravimetric method,a pyrolysis experiment was performed on the polyvinyl chloride(PVC)plastics to study its thermal decomposition characteristics.The activation energy and mechanism function of the PVC pyrolysis reaction were calculated with Friedman method and the kv ra-est k model.Moreover,the composition of pyrolysis oil,gas and residue were determined by chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that the pyrolysis process of PVC is divided into two stages.The first stage occurs at 250—390℃,with the mass loss of 65%,and an average activation energy of 152.58 kJ/mol.The pyrolysis reaction mechanism is defined as a secondary chemical reaction.The second stage pyrolysis occurs at 390—560℃,with a mass loss of 29%,and an average activation energy of 231.52 kJ/mol.The pyrolysis reaction mechanism is defined as the random nucleation and subsequent growth model.The GC-MS results show that the PVC mainly consists of alkanes,alkenes,chlorinated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds,while the pyrolysis residue is mainly constituted by graphite carbon.This research results can provide a theoretical reference for the dechlorination and resource utilization of waste plastics.

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯塑料 热解动力学 热解机理 产物组成 

分 类 号：TQ319[化学工程—高聚物工业]