中华绒螯蟹对掩蔽所和垫层的选择性研究  

Selection Study of Eriocheir Sinensis to Shelter and Mat

作　　者：刘凯[1] 陈泽伟 江国青 马行空[2] 王志红 葛家春[2] LIU Kai;CHEN Zewei;JIANG Guoqing;MA Xingkong;WANG Zhihong;GE Jiachun(College of Life Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China;Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210017,China;Lianghu Management Center(Shijiu Lake,Gucheng Lake)of Gaochun District,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211300,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学,江苏南京210023 [2]江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏南京210017 [3]南京市高淳区两湖(石臼湖、固城湖)管理中心,江苏南京211300

出　　处：《水产养殖》2024年第3期7-14,共8页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(NSFCJ1103512);江苏省种业振兴项目(JBGS[2021]126);江苏现代农业(河蟹)产业技术体系;江苏省现代农业重点项目(BE2019393)。

摘　　要：通过观察分析中华绒螯蟹(下简称河蟹)对不同长度、开口的掩蔽所以及曾被栖息或占领过的垫层的选择性,探究其对不同微生境的选择性,初步掌握未来河蟹的工业化立体养殖中掩蔽所和垫层的设置方法。结果表明,在掩蔽所试验中,河蟹显著选择长度较长的掩蔽所和两端开口的掩蔽所,白天时掩蔽所的选择率极显著高于箱底,夜晚时则无明显选择倾向;在垫层试验中,无干扰的情况下,河蟹对3种旧垫层(自己/异性/同性)都表现出显著偏好,对毛糙垫层的选择性极显著高于光滑箱底;单独饲养且强干扰(强光、异种入侵、人类干扰)情况下,对新旧垫层没有表现出明显偏好,但是对毛糙垫层的选择性仍然极显著高于光滑箱底。The study investigated the selective preferences of the Eriocheir sinensis for shelters of different lengths and openings,as well as for mats that have been previously inhabited or occupied.We explored the crab’s selectivity towards different microhabitats,providing preliminary insights into the setting of shelters and mats for future industrial stereoscopic aquaculture of E.sinensis.The results indicated that in the shelter experiment,E.sinensis significantly prefer longer shelters and those with openings at both ends.During the day,the selection rate of shelters is significantly higher than the box bottom,with no clear preference observed at night.In the mat experiment,under undisturbed conditions,E.sinensis exhibit a significant preference for three types of old substrates(self/isosexual/heterosexual),with a highly significant preference for the rough mat over the smooth box bottom.When individually raised and subjected to strong disturbances(intense light,invasion by other species,human interference),there is no clear preference for new or old mats.However,the preference for the rough mat remains significantly higher than the smooth box bottom.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 掩蔽所 垫层 行为 丰容 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]