血管迷走神经性献血反应的影响因素与干预措施分析  

Analysis of Influencing Factors and Interventions of Vasovagal Blood Donation Reactions

作　　者：王红梅 Wang Hongmei(Yangzhou Central Blood Station,Yangzhou,Jiangsu,225000,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市中心血站,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2024年第5期540-542,共3页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:分析血管迷走神经性献血反应的影响因素与干预措施。方法:选择2019年6月1日—2022年5月31日在扬州市中心血站进行献血的20181名献血者作为研究对象,统计出现血管迷走神经性献血反应人数,总结性别、年龄、体重、献血次数等基础资料,分析其影响因素,并针对性提出干预措施。结果:20181名献血者中,无献血反应19931名、出现献血反应268名,其中出现血管迷走神经性献血反应250名,血管迷走神经性献血反应发生率为1.24%(250/20181),将献血者分为血管迷走神经反应(Vasovagal response,VVR)组(250名)、非VVR组(19931名)。两组献血者在性别、年龄、体重、献血次数、献血量上比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.608、40.151、45.562、9.011,P<0.05);两组献血者在职业、献血方式上比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.018、0.770,P>0.05)。将单因素分析P<0.05的项目作为自变量,将发生VVR作为因变量。对自变量进行赋值:性别(男=1,女=2)、年龄(18~<40岁为1,40~55岁为2,>55岁为3)、体重(<55 kg为1,≥55 kg为2)、献血次数(初次献血为1,重复献血为2)、献血量(200 mL/次为1,300 mL/次为2,400 mL/次为3)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、低年龄(18~<40岁)、高体重(≥55 kg)、初次献血、高献血量(400 mL/次)均为VVR的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:性别、年龄、体重、献血次数、献血量均为VVR的影响因素,应做好献血前健康宣教、心理疏导、运动指导等干预工作,减轻患者精神紧张程度,缓解不良情绪,降低VVR发生风险。Objective:To analyze the influencing factors and interventions of vasovagal blood donation reactions.Methods:20181 blood donors who donated blood at Yangzhou Central Blood Station from June 1,2019 to May 31,2022 were selected as the study subjects.The number of people who developed vasovagal blood donation reactions was analyzed,and basic information such as gender,age,weight,and number of blood donations was summarized.The influencing factors were analyzed and interventions were targeted.Results:Among 20181 blood donors,19931 were non-vasovagal response and 268 were vasovagal response,of which 250 were vasovagal response and the incidence of vasovagal response was 1.24%(250/20181).The blood donors were categorized into vasovagal response(VVR)group(250 cases),and non-VVR group(19931 cases).There was statistically significant difference between the blood donors of two groups when comparing their gender,age,weight,number of times they donated blood,and the amount of blood donated(χ^(2)=13.608,40.151,45.562,9.011;P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference when comparing the blood donors of two groups in terms of occupation and mode of blood donation(χ^(2)=0.018,0.770;P>0.05).Items with P<0.05 in the one-way analysis of variance were used as independent variables,and the occurrence of VVR was used as the dependent variable.Values were assigned to the independent variables:sex(male=1,female=2),age(18~40 years old as 1,40~55 years old as 2,>55 years old as 3),weight(<55 kg as 1,≥55 kg as 2),number of times of blood donations(first time as 1,more than one as 2),and volume of blood donations(200 mL/times as 1,300 mL/times as 2,400 mL/times as 3).After multivariant logistic regression analysis,female blood donors,low age(18~40 years old)donors,high body weight(≥55 kg)donors,first-time donors,and high blood donation volume(400 mL/donation)were independent risk factors for VVR,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Gender,age,weight,number of times of blood donation,and volu

关 键 词：血管迷走神经性献血反应 献血次数 影响因素 干预措施 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]