拉美新一轮资源民族主义及应对  

The New Round of Resources Nationalism in Latin America and Its Countermeasures

作　　者：王慧芝 WANG Huizhi(Institute of World History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界历史研究所,北京100010

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2024年第3期25-35,共11页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：中国社会科学院青启计划“南美洲资源民族主义研究”(2024QQJH087);教育部高校国别和区域研究课题规划课题“中国在拉丁美洲及加勒比地区海外利益保护机制研究”(2021-G43)。

摘　　要：与历史上的三次发展高潮相比,拉美新一轮资源民族主义既具有一定的继承性,也出现了一些新的发展。其继承性主要表现在两方面,一是拉美新一轮资源民族主义符合市场周期规律且与拉美左翼回潮相伴而生,具有明显的周期性;二是拉美新一轮资源民族主义虽然声势浩大,但资源国普遍是在欢迎外资的前提下加强对本国矿产资源的管理和控制,与拉美资源民族主义日趋温和理性的大趋势相符。其新的发展主要表现在两方面,一是拉美资源民族主义的主战场从油气领域转向新能源矿产领域;二是拉美资源民族主义的推动者从国家扩展到社区和区域层面,多元化趋向明显。资源民族主义自带排外属性,在当前中拉关系深度融合的背景下,我们应认清拉美资源民族主义长期性、反复性的现实,聚焦风险、危中寻机,推动中拉能源矿产资源领域合作潜力得到持续释放,在维护我国能源安全的同时助力拉美实现发展的夙愿。Compared with the three upsurges in history,the new round of resource nationalism in Latin America not only has a certain inheritance,but also has some new developments.Its inheritance is mainly manifested in two aspects:firstly,the new round of resource nationalism in Latin America conforms to the law of market cycle and is accompanied by the resurgence of the left wing in Latin America,which has obvious periodicity;secondly,although the new round of resource nationalism in Latin America is huge,resource countries generally strengthen the management and control of their own mineral resources under the premise of welcoming foreign investment,which is in line with the general trend of increasingly moderate and rational resource nationalism in Latin America.The new development is mainly manifested in two aspects:firstly,the main battlefield of resource nationalism in Latin America has changed from oil and gas field to new energy mineral field;secondly,the promoters of resource nationalism in Latin America have expanded from the state to the community and regional level with a clear trend of diversification.Resource nationalism is inherently exclusive.In the context of the deep integration of China-Latin America relations,we should recognize the long-term and recurring reality of resource nationalism in Latin America,focus on risks and dangers,and promote the continuous release of the potential of China-Latin America cooperation in the field of energy and mineral resources.While maintaining China's energy security,we will help Latin America realize its long-cherished wish of development.

关 键 词：拉丁美洲 资源民族主义 能源转型 中拉资源合作 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济] F062.1