分布式光纤监测技术在水平井分段压裂中的应用  

Application of distributed fiber optic monitoring technology in segmented fracturing of horizontal wells

作　　者：周明秀 管英柱 张国威[1,2] 董为民[1,2] 曹石年 Zhou Mingxiu;Guan Yingzhu;Zhang Guowei;Dong Weimin;Cao Shinian(College of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Engineering,Wuhan 430100,China;Laojunmiao Oil Production Plant,Yumen Oilfield Company,Jiuquan 735000,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学石油工程学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]油气钻采工程湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430100 [3]玉门油田公司老君庙采油厂,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《能源与环保》2024年第2期146-154,162,共10页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51804042)。

摘　　要：水平井分段压裂过程中,涉及大量繁杂的数据监测与处理工作,同时,压裂过程的不确定性给实时监测带来了更大的难度。传统的井下监测方式存在监测精确度低、受电磁干扰、成本高昂等问题,分布式光纤传感技术的产生,为这些亟待解决的难题提供了新的解决思路。分布式光纤传感技术以其成本低、耐高温、性质稳定、不受电磁干扰等优势,逐渐在油田得到应用。对水平井分段压裂的应用现状进行研究,分析了分布式光纤传感技术原理,总结了分布式光纤的井下安装方式,归纳了分布式光纤传感技术在水平井分段压裂中的应用现状,最后提出了分布式光纤监测技术的发展建议。研究认为:目前,分布式光纤传感技术已受到广泛关注,将成为井下监测的重要工具;分布式光纤传感在水平井分段压裂中的应用主要有压裂液注入分布诊断、人工裂缝起裂及延伸诊断、封隔器泄漏监测和DTS/DAS数据定量解释;对未来温度和声学监测数据的解释方法将向定量解释的应用方向发展。During the segmented fracturing process of horizontal wells,a large amount of complex data monitoring and processing work is involved.At the same time,the uncertainty of the fracturing process brings greater difficulty to real-time monitoring.The traditional underground monitoring methods have problems such as low monitoring accuracy,electromagnetic interference,and high cost.The emergence of distributed fiber optic sensing technology provides new solutions for these urgent problems.Distributed fiber optic sensing technology is gradually being applied in oil fields due to its advantages of low cost,high temperature resistance,stable properties,and immunity from electromagnetic interference.This article studied on the current application status of segmented fracturing in horizontal wells,analyzed the technical principles of distributed fiber optic sensing,summarized the underground installation methods of distributed fiber optic sensing,summarized the application status of distributed fiber optic sensing technology in segmented fracturing in horizontal wells,and finally proposed development suggestions for distributed fiber optic monitoring technology.Research suggests that distributed fiber optic sensing technology has received widespread attention and will become an important tool for underground monitoring.The application of distributed optical fiber sensing in segmented fracturing of horizontal wells mainly includes diagnosis of fracturing fluid injection distribution,diagnosis of artificial crack initiation and extension,monitoring of packer leakage,and quantitative interpretation of DTS/DAS data.The interpretation methods for future temperature and acoustic monitoring data will develop towards the application direction of quantitative interpretation.

关 键 词：水平井分段压裂 分布式光纤监测 井下安装 DTS DAS 数据解释 

分 类 号：TE331[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]