计及电磁-传热影响的蒸发冷却风力发电机定子铁心穿管结构优化设计  

Optimization Design of Stator Core Pipe for Evaporative Cooling Wind Generators Considering the Influence of Electromagnetic and Heat Transfer

作　　者：程自然 王宇 高剑[1] 黄守道[1] 阮琳[2,3] Cheng Ziran;Wang Yu;Gao Jian;Huang Shoudao;Ruan Lin(College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University,Changsha 410082 China;Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190 China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049 China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082 [2]中国科学院电工研究所,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第6期1684-1697,共14页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U22A20219)。

摘　　要：采用自循环式蒸发冷却技术是提升大容量风力发电机组散热能力和可靠性的一种经济且有效的方式,然而在传统电机的分析设计和性能预测过程中,往往会忽略定子局部穿管结构的改变对电机电磁性能的影响,同时也会忽略这部分接触热阻在热传导过程中对电机冷却性能的影响。对此,该文首先基于风力发电机的运行特性和单元灵敏度方法分析了定子铁心穿管结构对电机电磁及冷却性能的影响,然后通过小倾角自循环管道换热实验以及接触热阻温升实验对空心圆铜管的换热能力以及接触热阻进行了分析和测试,最后建立了以电磁及传热性能为优化目标的铁心穿管结构优化策略,并以一台10 MW永磁直驱式风力发电机为研究对象,对定子铁心穿管结构开展了优化设计研究。通过优化方案的有限元分析验证说明,提出的优化策略可以准确且有效地满足电机电磁和冷却性能的设计要求,同时从电磁和散热两个维度来评估,所提出的优化策略同样适用于相同应用场景下的其他永磁同步电机。In recent years,with the rapid development of renewable energy,the capacity of wind generators has increased,and the problems of loss and heating are becoming more and more serious.Excessive operating temperatures will harm the safe operation of wind generators.Evaporative cooling technology can greatly improve the generator’s cooling efficiency.The whole system has many advantages,such as simple maintenance,safety,reliability,and more.Many scholars have researched electromagnetic and cooling performance analysis modeling and wind generator optimization.However,the influence of small changes in the stator’s local structure on electromagnetic performance and the contact thermal resistance on cooling performance is often ignored.Therefore,a collaborative optimization strategy of electromagnetic and cooling performance is proposed based on the electromagnetic and heat transfer sensitivity analysis of the design unit.Through experiments,the thermal contact resistance between the hollow cooling tube and the core interface is measured,and the heat transfer characteristics of the hollow cooling tube under the self-circulation characteristics of a small dip angle are analyzed.The optimization design of a 10 MW direct drive wind turbine is carried out.Firstly,the influence of the stator core’s cooling pipe structure on electromagnetic and cooling performance of wind generators is analyzed based on the operating characteristics of wind generators and the element sensitivity method.Secondly,the heat transfer capacity and contact thermal resistance of hollow round copper pipe are analyzed and tested through the heat transfer experiment of self-circulating pipe with a small dip angle and the temperature rise experiment of contact thermal resistance. Thirdly, the optimization model of the stator core cooling structure is established. Finally, the optimization design of the stator core cooling structure is studied and verified by finite element analysis. The self-recirculating cooling system with a small dip angle experim

关 键 词：蒸发冷却风力发电机 定子铁心穿管冷却 电磁及冷却特性 接触热阻 单元灵敏度分析 优化设计 

分 类 号：TK89[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]